Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Chronotype, Sleep Quality and Adaptation to Mediterranean Diet in University Students: A Descriptive Study
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kronotip, Uyku Kalitesi ve Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Bir Araştırma
Filiz YANGILARa, Sevil KARAHAN YILMAZa
aDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzincan, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(4):976-85
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-90729
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to examine the relations between chronotype, sleep quality, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in university students. Material and Methods: Sampling included 244 students from Türkiye university and data were collected between May 2021 and June 2021 with the general information form, the 'Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire', 'Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)' and 'Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screen (MEDAS)' via online. Results: Two hundred forty four students, 69 (28.3%) males and 175 (71.7%) females, with a mean age of 21.8±3.3 years, were joined. The chronotype scale average of the participants was calculated to be 47.1±6.9. Their 11 (4.5%) were of the morningness-type, 172 (70.5%) were of the intermediate-type, and 61 (25.0%) were of eveningness- type. The MEDAS mean score of the students was 5.6±1.9, and 50.4% of them had low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, 47.1% had medium adherence, and 2.5% had high adherence. The total PSQI score of the students was 8.7±3.8, and 77.5% of the participants had poor sleep quality. A significant correlation was found between physical activity status and the number of caffeinated beverages consumed daily according to chronotype (p<0.05). Chronotype score was negatively correlated with PSQI score (r=-0.175, p<0.01). Conclusion: It was determined that the chronotypes of the students were intermediate-type, and their sleep quality and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were low.

Keywords: Chronotype; sleep quality; Mediterranean diet; university students; caffeine drinks
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde kronotip, uyku kalitesi ve Akdeniz diyetine uyum arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Örneklem, Türkiye'deki üniversitelerde öğrenim gören 244 öğrenci üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Verilerin toplanmasında genel bilgi formu, 'Sabahlık-Akşamlık Anketi', 'Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ)' ve 'Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum Ölçeği [Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screen (MEDAS)]' kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 21,8±3,3 yıl olan 69 (%28,3) erkek ve 175 (%71,7) kız olmak üzere 244 öğrenci katılmıştır. Katılımcıların kronotip ölçeği ortalaması 47,1±6,9 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin 11'i (%4,5) sabahlık, 172'si (%70,5) orta, 61'i (%25,0) akşamlık tip grubunda yer almıştır. Araştırmaya alınan öğrencilerin MEDAS puan ortalaması 5,6±1,9 olup, %50,4'ünün Akdeniz diyetine uyumlarının düşük, %47,1'inin orta, %2,5'inin ise yüksek düzeyde uyduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin toplam PUKİ puanı 8,7±3,8 olup, katılımcıların %77,5'inin uyku kalitesinin kötü olduğu saptanmıştır. Kronotipe göre fiziksel aktivite durumu ile günlük tüketilen kafeinli içecek miktarı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Kronotip skoru, PUKİ skoru ile negatif korelasyon göstermiştir (r=-0,175, p<0,01). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, öğrencilerin kronotiplerinin orta tip olduğu, uyku kalitelerinin ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumlarının düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kronotip; uyku kalitesi; Akdeniz diyeti; üniversite öğrencileri; kafeinli içecekler
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