Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of the Color Stability of 3D-printed Provisional Materials Against Different Mouthwashes: An in vitro Study
Farklı Ağız Gargaralarına Karşı 3D Yazıcıyla Üretilen Geçici Materyallerin Renk Stabilitesinin Değerlendirilmesi: İn vitro Çalışma
İzim TÜRKER KADERa , Safa ÖZERb
aBahçeşehir University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, İstanbul, Türkiye
bBahçeşehir University Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Dental Prosthetic Technology, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2025;31(3):422-30
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2024-107440
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of three-dimensional 3D-printed and conventional provisional restorative materials exposed to different mouthwashes. Material and Methods: Disc-shaped specimens (Ø6×2 mm) of 3D-printed [Temp PRINT TM (TP)]; [Powerresins Temp Resin (PTR)] and conventional [Acrytemp (ACR)] provisional materials were fabricated (n=120). Each material group was divided into 4 subgroups for immersion in different mouthwashes (n=10). Initial color measurements (t0) were performed using a dental spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade). The specimens were immersed in 0.20% chlorhexidine [Curasept ADS 220 (CHX20)] 0.05% chlorhexidine [Curasept ADS 205 (CHX05)], alcohol-containing [Listerine Cool Mint (LIS)] mouthwashes, and artificial saliva (CON) solutions for 12 hours (t1) and 2.5 days (t2) to simulating 1-5 year clinical use, respectively. Color change (ΔE00) was calculated between different immersion periods (ΔEt0-t1, ΔEt0-t2) using the L*a*b values. Data were analyzed with Robust three-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni multiple comparisons (α=0.05). Results: TP exhibited the highest ∆E00 among all materials. LIS caused the greatest discoloration in 3D-printed materials (p<0.001), while ACR showed the highest ∆E00 in CHX20 mouthwash (p=0.001). 5 year exposure (∆Et0-t2) to CHX20 and LIS solutions caused significantly greater discoloration than 1 year exposure (∆Et0-t1) (p=0.002). Conclusion: TP demonstrated the least color stability, while LIS caused the highest discoloration of 3D-printed materials. The 3D-printed provisional material PTR and daily use of CHX05 mouthwash are clinically recommendable for long-term periods.

Keywords: Color; mouthwashes; dental materials; printing; three-dimensional
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üç boyutlu [three-dimensional (3D)] yazıcıyla üretilmiş ve konvansiyonel geçici restoratif materyallerin farklı gargaralara karşı renk stabilitesini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 3D yazıcıyla üretilmiş [Temp PRINT TM (TP)]; [Powerresins Temp Resin (PTR)] ve konvansiyonel [Acrytemp (ACR)] geçici materyalden disk şeklinde (Ø6×2 mm) numuneler üretildi (n=120). Her materyal, farklı solüsyonlara daldırılmak üzere 4 alt gruba ayrıldı (n=10). Başlangıç renk ölçümleri (t0), dental spektrofotometre (Vita Easyshade) ile değerlendirildi. Örnekler, 1-5 yıllık kullanımı simüle etmek amacıyla %0,20 klorheksidin Curasept ADS 220 (CHX20), %0,05 klorheksidin Curasept ADS 205 (CHX05), alkol içeren Listerine Cool Mint (LIS) gargaralar ve yapay tükürüğe (CON) 12 saat (t1) ve 2,5 gün (t2) süreyle daldırıldı. Renk değişimleri (ΔE00) L*a*b değerleri kullanılarak hesaplandı. Veriler Robust üç-yönlü varyans analizi ve Bonferroni çoklu karşılaştırma testiyle analiz edildi (α=0,05). Bulgular: TP, diğer materyallere kıyasla en yüksek bir ΔE00 değeri gösterdi. LIS 3D yazıcıyla üretilmiş materyallerin en fazla renklenmesine sebep olan solüsyon grubu oldu (p<0,001). ACR, CHX20'de daha yüksek bir ΔE00 sergiledi (p=0,001). CHX20 ve LIS solüsyonlarına 5 yıllık maruziyet (∆Et0-t2), 1 yıllık maruziyetten (∆Et0-t1) daha fazla renklenmeye sebep oldu (p=0,002). Sonuç: TP en düşük renk stabilitesine sahipken, alkol içeren LIS 3D yazıcıyla üretilen materyallerde en yüksek renk değişimlerine yol açtı. 3D yazıcıyla üretilen PTR ile %0,05 klorheksidin içeren gargaraların (CHX05) uzun süreli günlük kullanımı önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Renk; gargaralar; dental materyaller; yazıcı; üç boyutlu
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