Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of the Children with Black Tooth Stain According to the Severity of the Stain and the Number of Affected Primary Teeth: A Cross-Sectional Study
Siyah Diş Renklenmesi Olan Çocukların Renklenme Şiddetine ve Etkilenen Süt Dişi Sayısına Göre Değerlendirilmesi: Bir Kesitsel Çalışma
Burcu GÜÇYETMEZ TOPALa , Tuğba YİĞİTb , Melike TIRAŞ a , Edanur GÖKÇE MEYDANc , Mehmet ÜNALd
a Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
b Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Uşak University Faculty of Dentistry, Uşak, Türkiye
c Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, Mersin Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Mersin, Türkiye
d Private Physician, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2023;29(2):277-85
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2022-94864
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate a group of Turkish children with black tooth stain (BTS) according to the severity of stains (SBST) and number of black stained primary teeth (NBST). Material and Methods: The children with BTS aged 4-6 years who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Teeth were examined for SBST, NBST, caries and plaque index. The demographic factors, medical and birth history, nutritional status, habits in infancy, using of iron supplements, oral hygiene habits, presence of BTS in parents/siblings, and dietary habits were compared according to SBST and NBST. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program. Results: A total of 120 patients (53 females, 67 males) were included. It was found that NBST increased with age. NBST and severe BTS were found to be higher in children born by cesarean section compared to those born by vaginal delivery (p=0.014; p=0.004). The children who fed with nursing bottles less than 6 months have lower NBST (p<0.001). The mild BTS was more common in children who used no iron supplements (81%). Children with plaque index score 0 and 1 did not have severe BTS, while 94.4% of children with plaque index 3 had severe BTS (p<0.001). The difference between decayed, missing, and filled teeth according to SBTS was not found significant (p=0.232). Conclusion: In conclusion, it was found that both the NBST and SBST were differed according to age, type of birth, breastfeeding, using nursing bottles, using iron supplements, consumption of cariogenic foods, and presence of BTS in parents/siblings.

Keywords: Tooth discoloration; child; oral hygiene
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada, siyah diş renklenmesi [black tooth stain (BTS)] olan bir grup Türk çocuğunun renklenme şiddeti ve siyah renklenme görülen süt dişi sayısına göre değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma için dâhil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 4-6 yaş arası BTS'si olan çocuklar seçildi. Hastalar, siyah renklenme görülen süt dişi sayısı, dişlerin renklenme şiddeti, çürük ve plak indeksi açısından muayene edildi. Demografik faktörler, tıbbi ve doğum öyküsü, beslenme durumu, bebeklik dönemindeki alışkanlıklar, demir takviyesi kullanımı, oral hijyen alışkanlıkları, ebeveynlerde/kardeşlerde BTS varlığı ve beslenme alışkanlıkları, renklenme şiddeti ve siyah renklenme görülen süt dişi sayısına göre karşılaştırıldı. Veriler SPSS programı ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya, toplam 120 (53 kadın, 67 erkek) hasta dâhil edildi. Siyah renklenme görülen süt dişi sayısının yaşla birlikte arttığı bulundu. Sezaryen ile doğan çocuklarda siyah renklenme görülen süt dişi sayısı ve şiddetli BTS'si, vajinal doğumla doğanlara göre daha yüksek bulundu (p=0,014; p=0,004). Altı aydan daha az biberonla beslenen çocukların siyah renklenme görülen süt dişi sayısı daha düşük bulundu (p<0,001). Hafif BTS, demir takviyesi kullanmayan çocuklarda daha yaygındı (%81). Plak indeksi skoru 0 ve 1 olan çocuklarda şiddetli BTS görülmezken, plak indeksi 3 olan çocukların %94,4'ünde şiddetli BTS vardı (p<0,001). BTS'nin şiddeti ile çürük, eksik ve dolgulu dişler arasındaki fark anlamlı bulunmadı (p=0,232). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, hem siyah renklenmenin şiddetinin hem de BTS görülen süt dişi sayısının, yaş, doğum şekli, anne sütü alımı, biberon kullanma, demir takviyesi kullanma, karyojenik gıda tüketimi ve ebeveyn/kardeşlerde BTS varlığına göre farklılık gösterdiği bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dişte renk değişikliği; çocuk; ağız hijyeni
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