Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of Malnutrition Status and Effective Factors in Elderly Patients in Internal Medicine Clinic: Descriptive Research
Dahiliye Servisinde Yatan Yaşlı Hastalarda Malnütrisyon Durumunun ve Etkili Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Tuğçe SÖZERa, Cahide YAĞMURb, Ebru KAYA BAŞARc
aDepartment of Gerontology, Akdeniz University Institute of Health Sciences, Antalya, Türkiye
bDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Çukurova University Faculty of Health Sciences, Adana, Türkiye
cDepartment of Biostatistics, Akdeniz University Application and Research Center, Antalya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(2):320-9
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2021-85732
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: One of the most important geriatric syndromes frequently encountered in old age is nutritional disorders. Malnutrition can also be seen frequently in hospitalized elderly patients. This study was planned to evaluate the malnutrition status and malnutrition factors associated with the hospitalization in elderly patients who applied to a university hospital internal medicine clinic. Material and Methods: Malnutrition status of 100 elderly patients admitted to the Internal Medicine Clinic of Akdeniz University Medical Faculty Hospital was evaluated and the factors that may affect the malnutrition status were investigated. Demographic characteristics and health status of individuals were examined, and some anthropometric measurements were made. Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) was applied to determine the nutritional status of the elderly. Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF) was used to determine the depression level of the patients. Results: In the nutritional status assessment with the MNA-SF scale, it was determined that 21% of the elderly patients had malnutrition, 53% had a risk of malnutrition. There was a statistically significant differences between malnutrition status and body weight (p<0.0001), upper middle arm circumference, and height (p<0.05) was found in the elderly, but no relationship was found between malnutrition status and body mass index (p>0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between malnutrition status and depression status determined by GDS-SF (p<0.0001). Conclusion: It is thought that the evaluation and follow-up of the nutritional status of the hospitalized elderly with anthropometric measurements and malnutrition screening tests can help improve their quality of life, treatment of existing diseases and recovery processes.

Keywords: Aged; malnutrition; depression; geriatrics; anthropometry
ÖZET
 Amaç: Yaşlılıkta sıklıkla karşılaşılan en önemli geriatrik sendromlardan biri beslenme bozukluklarıdır. Hastanede yatan yaşlı hastalarda da malnütrisyon sıklıkla görülebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesi dahiliye polikliniğine başvuran yaşlı hastalarda, servise yatış anındaki malnütrisyon durumu ve malnütrisyonla ilgili etmenleri değerlendirilmek amacıyla planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi İç Hastalıkları Kliniğine başvuran 100 yaşlı hastanın malnütrisyon durumu değerlendirildi ve malnütrisyon durumuna etki edebilecek faktörler araştırıldı. Bireylerin demografik özellikleri ve sağlık durumları incelendi, bazı antropometrik ölçümler yapıldı. Yaşlıların beslenme durumunu belirlemek için Mini Nutrisyonel Değerlendirme-Kısa Form [Mini Nutritional Assessment- Short Form (MNA-SF)] uygulandı. Hastaların depresyon düzeyini belirlemek için Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği-Kısa Formu [Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF)] kullanıldı. Bulgular: MNASF ölçeği ile beslenme durumu değerlendirmesinde yaşlı hastaların %21'inde malnütrisyon, %53'ünde malnütrisyon riski olduğu belirlendi. Yaşlılarda malnütrisyon durumuna göre vücut ağırlığı (p<0,0001), üst orta kol çevresi ve boy uzunluğu (p<0,05) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulundu, ancak malnütrisyon durumu ile beden kitle indeksi arasında bir ilişki bulunamadı (p>0,05). Malnütrisyon durumuyla GDS-SF ile belirlenmiş depresyon durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,0001). Sonuç: Hastanede yatan yaşlıların, beslenme durumlarının antropometrik ölçümler ve malnütrisyon tarama testleri ile değerlendirilmesi ve takibinin yaşam kalitelerini, mevcut hastalıklarının tedavisini ve iyileşme süreçlerini iyileştirmeye yardımcı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı; malnütrisyon; depresyon; geriatri; antropometri
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