Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Erzurum'da Yapılan Fethi Kabir Otopsilerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Retrospektif Çalışma
Evaluation of Exhumation Autopsies Performed in Erzurum: A Retrospective Research
Büşra BAYDEMİR KILINÇa , Mustafa Talip ŞENERb , Ahmet Nezih KÖKb
aErzurum Adli Tıp Grup Başkanlığı, Erzurum, Türkiye
bAtatürk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma Hastanesi, Adli Tıp AD, Erzurum, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2025;22(1):38-44
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2024-105250
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Cesedin mezardan çıkarılması birçok nedene ve bölgelere göre değişiklik gösterebilir. İzinsiz gömü, adli vaka olduğu halde adli bildirim yapılmaması, defin sonrası dönemde ortaya çıkan şüphe veya iddialar, sigorta problemleri, tıbbi malpraktis iddiaları, savaş suçları, kimlik tespiti, soy bağının tespiti en sık mezar açma nedenleridir. Bu çalışmada, mezardan çıkarılarak otopsi yapılan olguları inceleyerek, mezardan çıkarma nedenlerini belirlemeyi ve bölgemize ait verilerle birlikte çözüm önerileri sunmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 01 Ocak 2015-31 Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında mezardan çıkarılarak otopsi yapılan 32 olguya ait adli tahkikat bilgileri, mezardan çıkarma nedenleri, mezarda kalma süresi, gönderildiği yer, ölüm nedeni ve tıbbi belgeleri ile olgulara ait demografik veriler retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Olguların %56'sı (n=18) kadın, %44'ü (n=14) erkek olup en küçük olgu ölü doğum, en büyük olgu ise 89 yaşındaydı. Mezar açma nedenleri sıklık sırasına göre incelendiğinde, %62'sinin (n=20) defin ruhsatı düzenlenmeden izinsiz gömü, %19'unun (n=6) defin sonrası şüphe ve iddialar, %19'unun (n=6) ise adli vaka olduğu halde adli bildirim yapılmaması olarak bulundu. Ölüm nedeninin olguların %90,6'sında (n=29) belirlendiği saptandı. Sonuç: Bölgemizde izinsiz gömüler, en yaygın mezardan çıkarma nedenidir. Diğer nedenler ile birlikte düşünüldüğünde, bilgi eksikliğinin temel faktör olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu konuda eğitim ve bilgilendirmelerin yapılması ile birlikte alınacak tedbirlerin mezar açma oranlarını önemli ölçüde azaltacağını düşünüyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Fethi kabir; otopsi; izinsiz gömü
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Exhumation of the corpse may vary according to many reasons and regions. The most common reasons for exhumation are unauthorized burial, lack of forensic notification even though it is a forensic case, suspicions or allegations arising in the postburial period, insurance problems, medical malpractice claims, war crimes, identification of identity, and determination of lineage. In this study, we aimed to determine the reasons for exhumation by examining the exhumed and autopsied cases and to offer solutions with data from our region. Material and Methods: Between January 01, 2015 and December 31, 2023, forensic investigation information, reasons for exhumation, duration of stay in the grave, place of transfer, cause of death, medical documentation, and demographic data of 32 exhumed and autopsied cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 56% (n=18) of the cases were female and 44% (n=14) were male. The youngest case was stillborn and the oldest case was 89 years old. When the reasons for exhumation were examined in order of frequency, it was found that 62% (n=20) were unauthorized burial without a burial license, 19% (n=6) were suspicions and allegations after burial, and 19% (n=6) were forensic cases but no forensic notification was made. The cause of death was determined in 90.6% (n=29) of the cases. Conclusion: Unauthorized burials are the most common cause of exhumation in our region. When considered together with other reasons, it becomes clear that lack of information is the main factor. We think that measures to be taken together with education and information on this subject will significantly reduce the rate of exhumations.

Keywords: Exhumation; autopsy; unauthorized burial
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