Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Erzurum İlinde 2-5 Yaş Arasındaki Çocuklarda Erken Çocukluk Çürükleri ile İlişkili Risk Faktörlerinin veEbeveynlerin Bilgi/Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Assessment of the Early Childhood Caries Risk Factors in 2-5 Years Old Children in the City of Erzurum andParental Knowledge/Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Fatma SARAÇa, Aybike BAŞa , Periş ÇELİKELa , Rabia YÜCELa, Sera DERELİOĞLUa
aAtatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Çocuk Diş Hekimliği ABD, Erzurum, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2023;29(4):551-8
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2023-96621
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Erken çocukluk çürükleri (EÇÇ), kompleks ve multifaktöriyel etiyolojiye sahip kronik, bulaşıcı ve enfeksiyöz bir hastalıktır. Bölgemizde yakın zamanda yapılan EÇÇ prevalansı çalışmasında çok yüksek oranın tespit edilmesi sebebiyle aynı bölgede EÇÇ'ye sahip çocuklarda çürükle ilgili risk faktörlerinin ve ebeveynlerinin bilgi/tutumlarının ortaya konulması amacıyla bu çalışma kurgulanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel epidemiyolojik çalışma, Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Çocuk Diş Hekimliği Ana Bilim Dalına başvuran EÇÇ'si olan 306 çocuğun velisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara EÇÇ etiyolojisi hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini ve tutumlarını ölçen 16 sorudan oluşan bir anket yönlendirilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson ki-kare ve Fisher exact testleri kullanılarak 0,05 önem seviyesinde yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %10,5'i çocuklarının dişlerini 1 yaşından itibaren fırçalamaya başladığını belirtirken, fırçalamaya başladıktan sonra diş fırçalama esnasında çocuğuna yardım edenlerin oranı %32,4 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte katılımcılar çocuklarının diş fırçalama alışkanlığının %44,1 oranında nadir ya da hiç olduğunu ifade etmiştir. ''Çocuğunuz günde kaç defa tatlı (bisküvi, kek, şeker, çikolata) tüketiyor''? sorusuna ebeveynlerin %66,6'sı günde en az 1 kere cevabını vermiştir. Katılımcılar çocuğunuzun ''Ağız sağlığını nasıl değerlendiriyorsunuz''? sorusuna %67,5 oranında iyi ve orta cevabını vermiştir. Ebeveynlerin eğitim seviyesi yükseldikçe sorulara verilen doğru yanıt oranında artış gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Yüksek EÇÇ prevalansına sahip Erzurum ilinde, bu prevalansla uyumlu olarak çocukların ağız hijyeni ve diyet alışkanlıkları, ebeveynlerin ağız sağlığı hakkındaki tutum ve davranışlarının yetersiz olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Erken çocukluk çağı çürükleri; etiyoloji; beslenme alışkanlığı; oral hijyen
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a chronic, contagious and infectious disease with complex and multifactorial etiology. Since a very high caries rate was detected in a recent ECC prevalence study in our region, this study was designed to reveal the risk factors for caries in children with severe ECC in the same area. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with the parents of 306 ECC-impacted children who applied to Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics. Participants answered a 16-item questionnaire in order for measuring their knowledge and attitudes toward the etiology of ECC. Data were statistically analyzed with Kruskal Wallis, Pearson Chi Square and Fishers exact tests at a significant level of 0.05. Results: 10.5% of the parents stated that they had begun to brush their children's teeth since they were 1 year old and 32.4% of them indicated that they help their kids during toothbrushing. Additionally, 44.1% of the participating parents expressed that their children had occasionally or never brushed their teeth. 66.6% of the participants answered the question of ''how many times a day does your child consume sweets (cookies, cakes, candies, chocolates)'' as ''at least once a day''. And the question of ''how do you evaluate your child's oral health''? was answered as ''good'' and ''moderate'' by 67.5% of the participants. Education level of the parents was observed to increase as the rate of correct answers elevated. Conclusion: The caries prevalence among the children living in Erzurum was high due to their poor oral hygiene and dietary habits and because of their parents'' inadequate attitudes and behaviors towards oral health.

Keywords: Early childhood caries; etiology; dietary habits; oral hygiene
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