Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Abortusun Kadın Ruh Sağlığı Üzerindeki Etkileri
Effect of Abortion on Women's Mental Health
Tuba DAĞa, Çiğdem ŞEN TEPEa, Gülgün DURATa
aSakarya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği ABD, Sakarya, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(1):179-83
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-76051
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Abortus, dünyada yaygın görülen kadın sağlığı sorunlarından biridir. Gebelik döneminde yaşanan çeşitli komplikasyonlar sonucunda abortus gelişebilir. Yaşanan abortus, kadının yaşamında fiziksel ve psikolojik sorunları beraberinde getirmektedir. Bebeğin kaybı ile gebeliğinin başarısız olduğunu düşünen kadın, travma, öfke, korku, kızgınlık, suçluluk, yas, anksiyete gibi duygular yaşamaktadır. Bu dönemde, kadının fizyolojik ihtiyaçları göz önüne alınırken psikolojik ihtiyaçları sıklıkla göz ardı edilmektedir. Abortus yaşayan kadınların ruh sağlığı açısından risk altında olduğu, yas süreci ile anksiyete ve depresyon belirtilerini yoğun yaşadığı görülmektedir. Kayıp sonrasında yas yaşanması doğal bir süreçtir ancak bu süreç patolojik de seyredebilir. Uzamış yas sonrası depresyon, anksiyete atakları gibi psikolojik reaksiyonlar da görülebilir. Bu durum müdahale edilmediğinde kadınların yaşam kalitesini etkileyebilir. Kadınların yaşadığı bu durum, bir sonraki gebeliğinde ruh sağlığı açısından risk oluşturabilir. Daha önceki gebeliği abortus ile sonuçlanmış kadınların, gebeliğinde depresyon ve anksiyete gibi psikiyatrik rahatsızlıklarla karşılaşma oranını artırabilir. Kadının bu süreci ruh sağlığı açısından da sağlıklı atlatabilmesi adına hemşireler tarafından uygun danışmanlık ve destek hizmeti verilmesi önemlidir. Hemşire, kayıp yaşayan kadını fiziksel ve psikolojik travmalara karşı korumak için onunla iletişimi sürdürmeli ve takipçisi olmalıdır. Bu makalede, abortus sonrası yaşanan yas, anksiyete, depresyon süreci ve hemşirelik yaklaşımı hakkında bilgilere yer verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Abortus; anksiyete; depresyon; yas; hemşirelik yaklaşımı; ruh sağlığı
ABSTRACT
 Abortion is one of the widespread women's health problems in the world. Abortion may develop as a result of various complications during pregnancy. Abortion experienced brings along physical and psychological problems in the life of the woman. The woman, who thinks that the baby's loss and pregnancy are unsuccessful, experiences feelings such as trauma, anger, fear, guilt, grief, anxiety. While the physiological needs of women are taken into consideration in this period, their psychological needs are often neglected. It is seen that women experiencing abortion are at risk in terms of mental health, and experience anxiety and depression symptoms intensely. Grief after loss is a natural process, but this process can also be pathological. Psychological reactions such as prolonged grief, depression and anxiety attacks may also be seen. When not interfered, it affects the quality of life of women. This situation experienced by women may pose a risk for mental health in the next pregnancy. Women who have previously had an abortion have a high incidence of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. It is important that nurses provide appropriate counseling and support services so that the woman can go through this process in a healthy way in terms of mental health. The nurse must keep in touch and follow-up with her to protect the missing woman from physical and psychological trauma. In this article, information about, grief anxiety, depression process and nursing approach after abortion is given.

Keywords: Abortion; anxiety; depression; grief; nursing approach; mental health
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