Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Ebe ve Hemşirelerin Serviks Kanseri, Human Papilloma Virüs Enfeksiyonu ve Aşısı ile İlgili Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışları-Diyarbakır Örneği
Information, Attitudes and Behaviors of Midwives, Nurses Concerning Cervical Cancer, Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Vaccination-A Sample of Diyarbakır
Gülhan YİĞİTALPa
aHemşirelik Bölümü, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği ABD, Dicle Üniversitesi Diyarbakır Atatürk Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Diyarbakır, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2019;11(4):357-66
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-64833
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Ebe ve hemşirelerin serviks kanseri ve 'human papilloma virüs (HPV)' enfeksiyonu ilişkisi, 'smear testi' ve HPV aşısı konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 01-31 Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında Diyarbakır'da Sağlık Bakanlığına bağlı dört hastanede çalışan 453 ebe ve hemşire ile kesitsel tipte yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 1.826 ebe ve hemşire oluşturmuştur. Katılımcıları belirlemede, olasılıklı örnekleme yöntemlerinden basit rastgele örnekleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen veri toplama formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi SPSS 18,0 paket programı kullanarak yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede yüzde, Pearson ki-kare testi, varyans analizleri (t-testi, ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Kadın katılımcıların %55,5'inin düzenli jinekolojik muayene yaptırmadığı, %50,2'sinin şimdiye kadar 'Pap smear' testi yaptırmadığı, tüm katılımcıların %48,8'inin HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşısıyla ilgili bilgi aldığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya dâhil edilen katılımcıların %1,8 (hepsi kadın)'i HPV aşısı yaptırdığını, %15,9'u aşı yaptırmak istediğini belirtmiştir. Aşı yaptırmak isteyenlerin %77,2'si serviks kanserinden korunmak için olduğunu belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların eğitim durumu, çalıştığı hastane, HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşısıyla ilgili bilgi alma, HPV aşısı yaptırmış olma ve HPV aşısı yaptırmak isteme ile HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşısı bilgi düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak ileri düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Ebe ve hemşireler HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşısı ile ilgili kısmen yeterli bilgiye sahiptir. Serviks kanseri, HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşılarına yönelik mezuniyet öncesi eğitim ve hizmet içi eğitimlerin nicel ve nitel açıdan güçlendirilerek ebe ve hemşirelerin yeterli bilgiye ulaşması sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Human papillomavirüs aşıları; hemşire; ebe; uterin servikal tümörler
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Evaluate the information, attitudes and behaviors of midwives, nurses concerning the relationship of cervical cancer and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, smear test and HPV vaccination. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was implemented with 453 midwives, nurses working in four hospitals in the Ministry of Health in Diyarbakır between 01-31 July 2018. The research population consisted of 1,826 midwives/nurses. Simple random sampling technique was used to determine the participants. The data were obtained using a data collection form which was developed by the researchers. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 package program. Percentage, Pearson chi-square test, variance analyses (t-test, ANOVA) were used for statistical evaluation. Results: It was determined that 55.5% of the female participants did not regularly get gynecological examination, 50.2% had not gotten Pap-smear test yet and 48.8% of all participants had obtained information about HPV infection and vaccination. Of the participants included in the study, 1.8% (all female) had HPV vaccine and 15.9% of them stated that they wanted to have vaccines. 77.2% of those who wanted to get vaccinated stated that they were for protection from cervical cancer. It was determined that there was a statistically advanced and significant relationship between the participants' educational background, hospital, states of obtaining information about HPV infection and vaccination, having gotten HPV vaccination and intending to get HPV vaccination and levels of information about HPV infection and vaccination (p<0.05). Conclusion: Midwives, nurses have partially sufficient information about HPV infection and vaccination. It is suggested to strengthen pre-graduation and in-service education concerning cervical cancer, HPV infection and vaccinations both qualitatively and quantitatively and allow midwives, nurses to reach sufficient information.

Keywords: Human papillomavirus vaccines; nurse; midwife; uterine cervical neoplasms
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