Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Doğum Sonrası Maternal Bağlanma ve Annelerin Mutluluk Düzeylerinin Sosyodemografik ve Obstetrik Özellikler ile İlişkisi: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma
The Relationship Between Postpartum Maternal Attachment and Mother's Happiness Levels with Socio-Demographic and Obstetric Characteristics: A Cross-sectional Research
Ayşegül DURMAZa, Çiğdem GÜN KAKAŞÇIb, Fatma BAŞARc
aKütahya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ebelik Bölümü, Kütahya, TÜRKİYE
bBurdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Burdur, TÜRKİYE
cKütahya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği ABD, Kütahya, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(4):795-804
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-79251
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Araştırmada, doğum sonrası dönemdeki annelerin maternal bağlanma ve mutluluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve annelerin sosyodemografik ve obstetrik özellikleri ile maternal bağlanma ve mutluluk düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, Kütahya il merkezinde bulunan aile sağlığı merkezlerinde tanımlayıcı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya, 677 anne alınmıştır. Araştırmada verilerin toplanmasında 'kişisel bilgi formu', 'Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği' ve 'Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği Kısa Formu' kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis testi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular: Annelerin Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği ve Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği Kısa Formu toplam puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 90,51±10,43 ve 24,19±4,76 olarak saptanmıştır. Lisans ve üstü öğrenim gören, çalışan, geliri giderinden fazla olan, bu gebeliği planlayan, gebe eğitim sınıfına katılan, doğumunu miadında yapan ve normal vajinal doğum yapan annelerin hem mutluluk hem de Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği'nden aldıkları toplam puan ortalamaları daha yüksek ve aralarındaki fark istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak saptanmıştır (p=0,000). Korelasyon analizinde, Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları ile Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği toplam puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde, zayıf ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (r=0,277; p

Anahtar Kelimeler: Maternal-fetal ilişkiler; mutluluk; doğum sonrası dönem
ABSTRACT
 Amaç: Araştırmada, doğum sonrası dönemdeki annelerin maternal bağlanma ve mutluluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve annelerin sosyodemografik ve obstetrik özellikleri ile maternal bağlanma ve mutluluk düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, Kütahya il merkezinde bulunan aile sağlığı merkezlerinde tanımlayıcı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya, 677 anne alınmıştır. Araştırmada verilerin toplanmasında 'kişisel bilgi formu', 'Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği' ve 'Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği Kısa Formu' kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal- Wallis testi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular: Annelerin Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği ve Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği Kısa Formu toplam puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 90,51±10,43 ve 24,19±4,76 olarak saptanmıştır. Lisans ve üstü öğrenim gören, çalışan, geliri giderinden fazla olan, bu gebeliği planlayan, gebe eğitim sınıfına katılan, doğumunu miadında yapan ve normal vajinal doğum yapan annelerin hem mutluluk hem de Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği'nden aldıkları toplam puan ortalamaları daha yüksek ve aralarındaki fark istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak saptanmıştır (p=0,000). Korelasyon analizinde, Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları ile Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği toplam puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde, zayıf ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (r=0,277; p<0,0001). Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, ebelerin/hemşirelerin, annelerin maternal bağlanma ve mutluluk düzeylerini etkileyebilecek faktörleri değerlendirmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ebelerin/hemşirelerin, lohusaların maternal bağlanma ve mutluluk düzeylerini olumsuz etkileyebilecek faktörleri tanımaları ve uygun çözüm yaklaşımlarını belirlemeleri için önem arz etmektedir.

Keywords: Maternal-fetal relations; happiness; postpartum period
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