Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Diyabetli Bireylerde Kardiyovasküler Hastalık Risk Bilgisinin Diyabet Öz Yönetimi ve Metabolik Sonuçlara Etkisi: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
The Effect of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Information on Diabetes Self-Management and Metabolic Outcomes in Individuals with Diabetes: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Kadriye SAYIN KASARa, Birgül VURAL DOĞRUb
aAksaray Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Aksaray, Türkiye
bMersin Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Mersin, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(2):550-9
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-85382
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, diyabetli bireylerde kardiyovasküler hastalık (KVH) risk bilgisinin diyabet öz yönetimi ve metabolik sonuçlara etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmanın örneklemini, Aralık 2019- Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi ile bir tıp fakültesi hastanesinin dahiliye kliniklerinde yatan ve dahiliye (diyabet ve endokrin) polikliniğine başvuran Tip 2 diyabetli 321 birey oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında, 'Birey Tanıtım Formu' 'Kalp Hastalığı Bilgi Ölçeği (KAHARBİ)' ve 'Diyabet Öz Yönetim Skalası (DÖYS)' kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hastalarının yaş ortalaması 62,11±12,22 yıl olup, %53,6'sı kadındır. Çoklu regresyon analizinde yaş, 1. ve 2. modelde anlamlı etki gösterirken, 3. modelde göstermemiştir. İkinci ve 3. modelde DÖYS alt boyutlarından glukoz yönetimi, diyet kontrolü, fiziksel aktivite ve sağlık hizmetlerinin kullanımı ile gelir ve eğitim durumu, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein, hemoglobin A1c, trigliserid düzeyleri ve diyabet süresi anlamlı etki göstermiştir (p<0,05). Regresyon analizleri, 3 modelde sırasıyla KVH risk bilgisinin %13,2, %28,1 ve %44,4 olduğunu açıklamaktadır. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, diyabetli bireylerin KVH risk bilgisinin istendik düzeyde olmadığı ve hastaların bilgi düzeylerinin bazı sosyodemografik, hastalık tanıtıcı özellikleri ve metabolik değişkenlerden etkilendiği bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle risk grubunda olan diyabetli bireylere gerekli müdahalelerin planlanması ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar hakkında bilgilendirilmesi önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tip 2 diyabet; kardiyovasküler hastalık risk bilgisi; öz yönetim; metabolik sonuçlar; hemşirelik
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk information on diabetes selfmanagement and metabolic outcomes in individuals with diabetes. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of 321 individuals with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in the internal medicine clinics of a training and research hospital and a medical faculty hospital and applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic between December 2019 and March 2020. Data were collected using the 'Individual Identification Form', 'Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire (HDFQ)' and 'Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ)'. Results: The mean age of the patients was 62.11±12.22 years and 53.6% of them were women. In the multiple regression analysis, age showed a significant effect in the first and second models, but not in the third model. In the second and third models, glucose management, diet control, physical activity and use of health services, which are the sub-dimensions of DSMQ, income and education status, low-density lipoprotein, hemoglobin A1c, triglyceride levels and duration of diabetes showed significant effects (p<0.05). Regression analyzes revealed cardiovascular disease risk information as 13.2%, 28.1% and 44.4% in the three models, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the CVD risk knowledge of individuals with diabetes was not at the desired level and the knowledge levels of the patients were affected by some socio-demographic and disease characteristics and metabolic variables. It is important to plan the necessary interventions for individuals with diabetes who are in the risk group and to inform them about cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; cardiovascular disease risk information; self management; metabolic outcomes; nursing
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