Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Diş Hekimliğinde Beyazlatmanın Bibliyometrik Analizi: Küresel Araştırma Trendlerinin Metodolojik Bir Çalışması
Bibliometric Analysis of Bleaching in Dentistry: A Methodological Study of Global Research Trends
Seyit Bilal ÖZDEMİRa , Büşra ÖZDEMİRa
aGiresun Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Restoratif Diş Tedavisi AD, Giresun, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2025;31(3):439-48
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2024-107644
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu bibliyometrik analiz, diş hekimliğinde beyazlatma konusunda küresel literatürü incelemeyi, önemli katkı sağlayanları tanımlamayı ve bu alandaki bilimsel eğilimleri ve iş birliklerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Web of Science veritabanı kullanılarak Kasım 2024'e kadar kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır. ''Beyazlatma'' anahtar kelimesine dayalı olarak toplam 2.022 makale dâhil edilmiştir. Yayınlar, atıflar, yazarlar, kurumlar, ülkeler, dergiler ve anahtar kelimelerle ilgili veriler analiz edilmiştir. VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılarak iş birliklerini ve araştırma eğilimlerini görselleştirmek için bibliyometrik ağ haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Bulgular: Bu bibliyometrik analiz kapsamında toplam 2.022 makale değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Yıllık yayın sayısı 2002 yılına kadar nispeten sabit kalmış, ancak 2007 sonrasında belirgin bir artış eğilimi göstererek 2019 yılında en yüksek seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Yayın üretimi açısından en fazla katkıda bulunan ilk 3 ülke sırasıyla Brezilya, ABD ve Türkiye olmuştur. En fazla yayına sahip ilk 10 kurumdan 8'i Brezilya ve ABD'de yer almaktadır. Beyazlatma ile ilgili en fazla yayın yapan ve yayın başına en yüksek atıf oranına sahip dergi ''Operative Dentistry'' olarak belirlenmiştir. En sık kullanılan anahtar kelime ise ''tooth bleaching'' olmuştur. Sonuç: Beyazlatma üzerine yapılan araştırmalarda küresel düzeyde bir artış gözlemlenmiş ve bu doğrultuda yazarlar, kurumlar ve ülkeler arasında kapsamlı iş birlikleri kurulmuştur. Ayrıca, araştırma gruplarının iş birliklerini artırarak, daha yüksek kaliteli araştırmalara yönelmeleri teşvik edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bibliyometri; hidrojen peroksit; diş beyazlatma
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this bibliometric analysis was to examine the global literature on bleaching in dentistry, identify key contributors, and evaluate the scientific trends and collaborations in this field. Material and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using the Web of Science database up to November 2024. A total of 2,022 articles were included based on the keyword ''bleaching''. Data on publications, citations, authors, institutions, countries, journals, and keywords were analyzed. Bibliometric network maps were created using VOSviewer software to visualize collaborations and research trends. Results: In this bibliometric analysis, a total of 2,022 articles were evaluated. The annual number of publications remained relatively stable until 2002, but showed a significant upward trend after 2007, reaching its highest level in 2019. The top 3 countries contributing the most to publication output were Brazil, the USA, and Türkiye. Among the top 10 institutions with the highest number of publications, 8 were based in Brazil and the USA. The journal with the highest number of publications and the highest citation rate per article was identified as ''Operative Dentistry''. The most frequently used keyword was ''tooth bleaching''. Conclusion: A global increase in research on bleaching has been observed, leading to extensive collaborations among authors, institutions, and countries. Additionally, it encourages research groups to enhance their collaborations and focus on higher-quality studies.

Keywords: Bibliometrics; hydrogen peroxide; tooth bleaching
REFERENCES:
  1. Irusa K, Alrahaem IA, Ngoc CN, Donovan T. Tooth whitening procedures: A narrative review. Dentistry Review. 2022;2(3):100055. [Link] 
  2. Cabral AEA, Lourenço MAG, de Medeiros Santos BS, Carvalho MG, Pazinatto RB, Leite FPP, et al. Effectiveness of desensitizing toothpastes in reducing tooth sensitivity after tooth bleaching: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig. 2024;28(8):457. [PubMed] 
  3. Adnan S, Ullah R. Top-cited articles in regenerative endodontics: a bibliometric analysis. J Endod. 2018;44(11):1650-64. [PubMed] 
  4. Železnik D, Blažun Vo?ner H, Kokol P. A bibliometric analysis of the Journal of advanced nursing, 1976-2015. J Adv Nurs. 2017;73(10):2407-19. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  5. Guerrero-Gironés J, Forner L, Sanz JL, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Ghilotti J, Llena C, et al. Scientific production on silicate-based endodontic materials: evolution and current state: a bibliometric analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(9):5611-24. [PubMed] 
  6. Xu D, Wang YL, Wang KT, Wang Y, Dong XR, Tang J, et al. A scientometrics analysis and visualization of depressive disorder. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021;19(6):766-86. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  7. Kodonas K, Fardi A, Gogos C, Economides N. Scientometric analysis of vital pulp therapy studies. Int Endod J. 2021;54(2):220-30. [PubMed] 
  8. Barboza-Palomino M, Salas G, Vega-Arce M, Caycho-Rodríguez T, Ventura-León J, Flores-Kanter PE, et al. Thirty years of psicothema: a bibliometric analysis (1989-2018). Psicothema. 2020;32(4):459-68. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  9. Shamszadeh S, Asgary S, Nosrat A. Regenerative endodontics: a scientometric and bibliometric analysis. J Endod. 2019;45(3):272-80. [PubMed] 
  10. Liu A, Yuan C, Xu L, Zhao L. Scientific mapping of hotspots and trends of post and core research based on the Web of Science: a bibliometric analysis. Heliyon. 2023;10(1):e23786. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  11. Utar M. Bibliometric Analysis of the Prosthodontic Studies Used Finite Element Analysis in TR Index. Current Research in Dental Sciences. 2023;33(3):148-52. [Crossref] 
  12. Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2006;34(7):412-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  13. Joiner A. Tooth colour: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2004;32 Suppl 1:3-12. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  14. Kwon SR, Wertz PW. Review of the mechanism of tooth whitening. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2015;27(5):240-57. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Pérez MM, Herrera LJ, Carrillo F, Pecho OE, Dudea D, Gasparik C, et al. Whiteness difference thresholds in dentistry. Dent Mater. 2019;35(2):292-7. [PubMed] 
  16. Carey CM. Tooth whitening: what we now know. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2014;14 Suppl:70-6. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  17. Vieira-Junior WF, Lucon AM, Pini NIP, Sugii MM, Aguiar FHB, Lima DANL. Effect of fluoride or chitosan toothpaste and at-home bleaching in enamel roughness, tooth color, and staining susceptibility. Am J Dent. 2024;37(2):78-84. [PubMed] 
  18. Silva FBD, Chisini LA, Demarco FF, Horta BL, Correa MB. Desire for tooth bleaching and treatment performed in Brazilian adults: findings from a birth cohort. Braz Oral Res. 2018;32:e12. [PubMed] 
  19. Ahmad P, Dummer PMH, Noorani TY, Asif JA. The top 50 most-cited articles published in the International Endodontic Journal. Int Endod J. 2019;52(6):803-18. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  20. Mishra L, Pattnaik P, Kumar M, Aggarwal S, Misra SR. A bibliometric analysis of two PubMed-indexed high-impact factor endodontic journals: a comparison of India with other countries. Indian J Dent. 2016;7(3):121-5. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  21. Feijoo JF, Limeres J, Fernández-Varela M, Ramos I, Diz P. The 100 most cited articles in dentistry. Clin Oral Investig. 2014;18(3):699-706. [PubMed] 
  22. Rocha AO, Anjos LMD, Vitali FC, Santos PS, Bolan M, Santana CM, et al. Tooth bleaching: a bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most-cited papers. Braz Dent J. 2023;34(2):41-55. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  23. Archambault É, Campbell D, Gingras Y, Larivière V. Comparing bibliometric statistics obtained from the Web of Science and Scopus. Journal of the American society for information science and technology. 2009;60(7):1320-6. [Crossref] 
  24. Harzing AW, Alakangas S. Google Scholar, Scopus and the Web of Science: a longitudinal and cross-disciplinary comparison. Scientometrics. 2016;106:787-804. [Crossref] 
  25. Tarazona-Alvarez B, Lucas-Dominguez R, Paredes-Gallardo V, Alonso-Arroyo A, Vidal-Infer A. A bibliometric analysis of scientific production in the field of lingual orthodontics. Head Face Med. 2019;15(1):23. Erratum in: Head Face Med. 2019;15(1):24. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  26. Benckendorff P, Zehrer A. A network analysis of tourism research. Annals of tourism research. 2013;43:121-49. [Link] 
  27. Hu C, Racherla P. Visual representation of knowledge networks: a social network analysis of hospitality research domain. International journal of hospitality management. 2008;27(2):302-12. [Crossref] 
  28. de Oliveira OJ, da Silva FF, Juliani F, Barbosa LCFM, Nunhes TV. Bibliometric method for mapping the state-of-the-art and identifying research gaps and trends in literature: an essential instrument to support the development of scientific projects. Scientometrics recent advances. IntechOpen; 2019. [Crossref] 
  29. Zyoud SH, Al-Jabi SW, Sweileh WM, Al-Khalil S, Alqub M, Awang R. Global methaemoglobinaemia research output (1940-2013): a bibliometric analysis. Springerplus. 2015;4:626. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  30. Tarazona B, Vidal-Infer A, Alonso-Arroyo A. Bibliometric analysis of the scientific production in implantology (2009-2013). Clin Oral Implants Res. 2017;28(7):864-70. [PubMed] 
  31. Luo F, Sun A, Erdt N, Raamkurmar AS, Theng YL. Exploring prestigious citations sourced from top universities in bibliometrics and altmetrics: a case study in the computer science discipline. Scientometrics. 2018;114:1-17. [Crossref] 
  32. Alam BF, Najmi MA, Qasim SB, Almulhim KS, Ali S. A bibliometric analysis of minimally invasive dentistry: a review of the literature from 1994 to 2021. J Prosthet Dent. 2023;130(2):179-86. [PubMed] 
  33. Chen Y, Yeung AWK, Pow EHN, Tsoi JKH. Current status and research trends of lithium disilicate in dentistry: a bibliometric analysis. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;126(4):512-22. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  34. Keles A, Sayinsu K. A new approach in maxillary molar distalization: intraoral bodily molar distalizer. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117(1):39-48. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 154 - 153
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 197
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 197
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com