Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Late Preterm Infants: Singleton or Multiple Pregnancies: Observational and Descriptive Research
Geç Preterm Bebeklerde Prematüre Retinopatisi Gelişimi: Tekil veya Çoğul Gebelikler: Gözlemsel ve Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Eşay KIRAN YENİCEa , Caner KARAb
aDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Maternity and Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
bClinic of Ophthalmology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2024;33(1):30-5
doi: 10.5336/ophthal.2023-100097
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To investigate the role of singleton or multiple pregnancies in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in late preterm infants. Material and Methods: The findings of preterm infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestation and without any perinatal risk factors were retrospectively evaluated. The relationship between risk factors and development of ROP was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 2,364 preterm infants, 1,160 (49.07%) were singleton pregnancies and 1,204 (50.93%) were multiple pregnancies. ROP was detected in 3.13% (n=74) of the infants; 0.85% (n=20) of these were singleton pregnancies and 2.28% (n=54) were multiple pregnancies. ROP development was significantly higher in infants with a multiple pregnancy history (p=0.000), and gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) were significantly lower (p=0.000, p=0.003). While there was no significant relationship between gender and the development of ROP in univariate analysis, GA, BW, postmenstruel age at examination and multiple pregnancy were significantly associated with ROP (β=0.436, p=0.000; β=0.998, p=0.000; β=0.637, p=0.000; β=2.677, p=0.000, respectively). In multivariable analysis, GA (β=0.554, p=0.000), BW (β=0.999, p=0.001) and multiple pregnancy (β=2.375, p=0.001) were significantly associated with the development of ROP. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study supports that multiple pregnancies may cause preterm birth and low BW in late preterm infants and may play a role in the development of ROP. Therefore, it may be appropriate to examine late preterm infants for ROP at least once, especially in developing countries.

Keywords: Retinopathy of prematurity; singleton pregnancy; multiple pregnancy; late preterm infant
ÖZET
 Amaç: Geç prematüre bebeklerde prematüre retinopatisi (PR) gelişiminde tekil veya çoğul gebeliklerin rolünün araştırılması. Gereç ve Yöntemler: PR nedeniyle takip edilen, 32-35. gebelik haftaları arasında doğan ve herhangi bir perinatal risk faktörü olmayan yenidoğanların muayene bulguları geriye dönük değerlendirildi. PR gelişimi ile risk faktörleri arasındaki ilişki lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 2.364 yenidoğanın 1.160'ında (%49,07) tekil gebelik, 1.204'ünde (%50,93) çoğul gebelik öyküsü mevcuttu. Yenidoğanların %3,13'ünde (n=74) PR tespit edilmiş olup %0,85'inde (n=20) tekil gebelik, %2,28'inde (n=54) çoğul gebelik saptandı. Çoğul gebelik öyküsü olan bebeklerde tekil gebelik öyküsü olanlara göre PR gelişimi anlamlı olarak daha yüksek (p=0,000), gebelik yaşı (GY) ve doğum ağırlığı (DA) anlamlı olarak daha düşük idi (p=0,000, p=0,003). Tek değişkenli regresyon analizinde cinsiyet ile PR gelişimi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmazken, GY, DA, postmenstrüel muayene yaşı ve çoğul gebelik PR ile anlamlı düzeyde ilişkiliydi (sırasıyla β=0,436, p=0,000; β=0,998, p=0,000; β=0,637, p=0,000; β=2,677, p=0,000). Çok değişkenli regresyon analizinde ise GY (β=0,554, p=0,000), DA (β=0,999, p=0,001) ve çoğul gebelik (β=2,375, p=0,001) ile PR gelişimi arasındaki anlamlı ilişkinin devam ettiği gözlendi. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma çoğul gebeliklerin geç preterm bebeklerde erken doğuma ve düşük doğum ağırlığına neden olabileceğini ve PR gelişiminde rol oynayabileceğini desteklemektedir. Bu nedenle özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde geç prematüre bebeklerin en az bir kez PR açısından taranması uygun olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Prematüre retinopatisi; tekil gebelik; çoğul gebelik; geç preterm yenidoğan
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