Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determination of Preoperative Anxiety Levels and Affecting Factors in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Elektif Cerrahi Geçirecek Hastalarda Ameliyat Öncesi Anksiyete Düzeyinin ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Bir Araştırma
Ayşe TOPAL HANÇERa , Kübra ERTURHAN TÜRKa
aSivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Division of Surgical Diseases Nursing, Sivas, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(1):35-42
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-100081
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to determine the preoperative anxiety level and the affecting factors in patients undergoing elective surgery. Material and Methods: The research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted with 320 patients who met the sampling criteria and agreed to participate in the research, and who were hospitalized in the general surgery clinic of a tertiary hospital in Türkiye. In the data collection, ''questionnaire form'' and the ''Surgical Anxiety Questionnaire'' were used. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test for two independent groups, and F-test (analysis of variance) for more than two groups were used in data analysis. Results: In this study, it was determined that 69.4% of the surgical patients experienced anxiety and 38.2% had high anxiety levels. The Surgical Anxiety Questionnaire total score was found to be higher in patients aged 65 and over, in females, with low educational level, non-working individuals, low income level, in major surgery, under general anesthesia, those with a history of previous surgery, those experiencing fear related to surgery, those diagnosed with cancer, and those who lacked knowledge about surgery and anesthesia, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was determined that the majority of preoperative surgical patients experience anxiety. Therefore, it is recommended that all preoperative patients be routinely screened with a reliable anxiety scale before surgery, and nurses should plan individualized interventions to reduce anxiety.

Keywords: Anxiety; preoperative period; surgery; nursing
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma elektif cerrahi geçirecek hastalarda ameliyat öncesi anksiyete düzeyinin ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tipte kesitsel bir araştırmadır. Araştırma, Türkiye'de üçüncü basamak bir hastanenin genel cerrahi kliniğinde yatan, örnekleme alınma kriterlerine uyan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 320 hasta ile tamamlandı. Verilerin toplanmasında ''anket formu'' ve ''Cerrahi Anksiyete Ölçeği'' kullanıldı. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, iki bağımsız grup için bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve ikiden fazla grup için F-testi (varyans analizi) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, cerrahi hastalarının %69,4'ünün anksiyete yaşadığı ve %38,2'sinin anksiyete düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Hastaların Cerrahi Anksiyete Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 65 yaş ve üzerinde, kadınlarda, düşük eğitim düzeyinde, çalışmayanlarda, düşük gelir düzeyinde, majör cerrahide, genel anestezide, geçirilmiş ameliyat öyküsü olanlarda, ameliyata ilişkin korku yaşayanlarda, kanser tanısı olanlarda, ameliyat ve anestezi hakkında bilgisi olmayanlarda yüksek olduğu ve farkın anlamlı olduğu bulundu (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonucunda, ameliyat öncesi cerrahi hastalarının çoğunluğunun anksiyete yaşadığı belirlendi. Bu nedenle ameliyat öncesi tüm hastaların ameliyattan önce rutin olarak güvenilir bir anksiyete ölçeği ile taranması ve hemşirelerin anksiyeteyi azaltacak bireye özgü girişimler planlaması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Anksiyete; ameliyat öncesi dönem; cerrahi; hemşirelik
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