Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determination of Incidence and Risk Factors of Perioperative Pressure Injury in Surgical Patients: A Descriptive, Prospective, and Comparative Study
Cerrahi Hastalarında Perioperatif Basınç Yaralanması İnsidansının ve Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı, İleriye Yönelik ve Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma
Didem KANDEMİRa, Zeynep TEMİZb, Atiye AYDINc, Fatma YAYLAc, Yasemin ÖZHANLId, Tulüha AYOĞLUe
aGlasgow Royal Infirmary Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
bDepartment of Nursing, Artvin Çoruh University Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin, Türkiye
c Taksim Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
dDepartment of Nursing, Kocaeli University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kocaeli, Türkiye
eİstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(2):296-303
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-84832
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of perioperative pressure injury (PI) in surgical patients. Material and Methods: This descriptive, prospective, and comparative study was conducted with 101 patients who underwent general surgery in a training and research hospital in İstanbul between September 2018 and June 2019. Data were collected using the 'Patient Data Form,' the 'Braden Scale,' and the 'International Pressure Injury Classification System.' Data were analyzed with parametric and nonparametric tests using the SPSS package program. The statistical significance level was taken as p<0.05. The necessary institutional and ethics committee permission was obtained to conduct the study. Results: In this study, it was observed that the incidence of perioperative PI was 12.9% (13/101) in surgical patients, and most developed after pancreaticoduodenectomy (38.5%). Preoperative hemoglobin and serum albumin levels, surgical time longer than 185 minutes, and intraoperative hypotensive episodes were found to be determinant risk factors in the development of PI (p<0.01). Conclusion: Surgical nurses should carefully evaluate individual and surgery-related risk factors and implement evidence-based interventions in the prevention of pressure injuries.

Keywords: Pressure injury; incidence; risk factors; perioperative nursing; general surgery
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, cerrahi hastalarında perioperatif basınç yaralanması insidansını ve risk faktörlerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı prospektif ve karşılaştırmalı çalışma, Eylül 2018-Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul'da bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde genel cerrahi uygulanan 101 hasta ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler 'Hasta Veri Formu,' 'Braden Ölçeği' ve 'Uluslararası Basınç Yaralanması Sınıflandırma Sistemi' kullanılarak toplandı. Veriler, SPSS paket programı kullanılarak parametrik ve parametrik olmayan testler ile değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak alındı. Araştırmanın gerçekleştirilebilmesi için gerekli kurum ve etik kurul izinleri alındı. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, cerrahi hastalarında perioperatif basınç yaralanması insidansının %12,9 (13/101) olduğu ve en çok pankreatikoduodenektomi sonrası (%38,5) geliştiği görüldü. Perioperatif basınç yaralanması gelişiminde belirleyici risk faktörlerinin; ameliyat öncesi hemoglobin ve serum albumin düzeyleri, ameliyat süresi (≥185 dk) ve intraoperatif hipotansif atakların olduğu belirlendi (p<0,01). Sonuç: Cerrahi hemşireleri, perioperatif basınç yaralanmalarının önlenmesinde bireysel ve cerrahi ile ilişkili risk faktörleri dikkatli bir şekilde değerlendirmeli ve kanıta dayalı girişimleri uygulamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Basınç yaralanması; insidans; risk faktörleri; perioperatif hemşirelik; genel cerrahi
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