Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determination of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity Level and Relationship Between Chronic Disease in Adults: Cross-Sectional Study
Erişkinlerde Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum, Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ve Kronik Hastalık Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi: Kesitsel Araştırma
Zekiye İpek KATIRCI KIRMACIa, Seren KURTGİLb, Nezihe OTAY LÜLEc , Yusuf Şinasi KIRMACIa
aDepartment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Faculty of Health Science, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye
bDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetic, Sanko University Faculty of Health Science, Gaziantep, Türkiye
cDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetic, Gaziantep University Faculty of Health Science, Gaziantep, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2023;8(1):1-10
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-92553
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the adherence of adults to the Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity status, and the association between adherence to the MD and chronic disease. Material and Methods: A total of 380 individuals were included in this cross-sectional study. The adherence to the MD was evaluated with the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS), and physical activities with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: There was no difference between men and women in terms of physical activity level assessed by IPAQ score and IPAQ classification (p>0.05). Moderate-high adherence to the MD in adults, mean MEDAS score, obesity, and chronic disease were significantly higher in women than in men (p<0.05). the rates of the individuals that had moderate/high adherence to the MD and the mean body mass index (BMI) values, frequency of chronic disease and frequency of previous dietary counseling were higher (p<0.05). In addition the frequency of previous dietary counseling was higher in physically inactive individuals (p<0.05). There were significant positive relations were detected between the MEDAS and BMI values (r=0.126, p=0.014). There were negative significant relations between IPAQ score, BMI (r=-0.118, p=0.022) and waist circumference values (r=-0.124, p=0.018). Conclusion: It was determined that while moderate compliance with the MD was observed, the level of physical activity was low in adults. It has shown the necessity and importance of developing preventive health services for nutrition and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.

Keywords: Mediterranean diet; physical activity; obesity
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, erişkinlerin Akdeniz diyetine uyumunu, fiziksel aktivite durumunu belirlemek ve Akdeniz diyetine uyum ile kronik hastalık arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya toplam 380 (18-65 yaş) kişi dâhil edildi. Akdeniz diyetine uyum, Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum Ölçeği [Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS)] ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi Uluslar arası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi [International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)] ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, IPAQ skoru ve IPAQ sınıflandırması ile değerlendirilen fiziksel aktivite düzeyi açısından erkekler ve kadınlar arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0,05). Akdeniz diyetine orta-yüksek uyum gösteren erişkin bireylerde, ortalama MEDAS skoru, obezite ve kronik hastalık varlığı, kadınlarda erkeklere göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Ayrıca Akdeniz diyetine orta/yüksek düzeyde uyum gösterenlerin, ortalama beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) değerleri, kronik hastalık sıklığı ve daha önce diyet danışmanlığı alma sıklığı daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Ayrıca fiziksel olarak aktif olmayan bireylerde, daha önce diyet danışmanlığı alma sıklığı daha yüksekti (p<0,05). MEDAS ve BKİ değerleri arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişkiler saptandı (r=0,126, p=0,014). IPAQ puanı, BKİ (r=-0,118, p=0,022) ve bel çevresi (r=-0,124, p=0,018) değerleri arasında negatif yönde ve anlamlı ilişkiler vardı. Sonuç: Elde edilen verilere göre erişkinlerde Akdeniz diyetine orta uyum görülürken, fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin ise az olduğu belirlendi. Kronik hastalıkların önlenmesi ve tedavisinde, beslenme ve fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesinin gerekliliğini ve önemini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Akdeniz diyeti; fiziksel aktivite; obezite
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