Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Destekleyici ve Tamamlayıcı Bir Bakım Türü Olan Yoganın Hemşirelik Araştırmalarındaki Yeri: Bir Sistematik Derleme
The Place of Yoga in Nursing Research as a Supporting and Complementary Care Type: A Systematic Review
Duygu Ceren MAŞAa, Burcu CEYLANb
aİzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bİzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
J Tradit Complem Med. 2020;3(3):331-44
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2020-74734
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu sistematik derlemede, yoga konusunda hemşireler tarafından deneysel olarak yapılan araştırmaları irdeleyerek yoganın, hemşirelik bakımındaki yerini ortaya koymak ve etkinliğini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, 'Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, EBSCO Information Services, Google Akademik, Medline, Ovid' veri tabanlarında 1 Ocak 2015 ve 30 Temmuz 2019 tarihleri arasında sınırlandırılarak, "yoga", "nursing", "yoga therapy" anahtar kelimeleri ile ulaşılabilen ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmalar taranarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu anahtar kelimelerle tarama yapıldığında tam metnine ulaşılabilen, 3.049 veriye ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın, dâhil edilme kriterlerine uyan toplam 34 araştırma değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, araştırmaların genel özellikleri, hemşirelerin yapmış olduğu yoga girişimleri, sıklıkları, süreleri, örneklem grupları ve sonuçları rapor edilmiştir. Çalışmalarda genellikle hatha yoga, yin-yang yoga, kahkaha yogası ve yüz yogası kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Yoga uygulama sıklığı haftada 1-7 gün arasında; uygulama süresi 4-12 hafta boyunca seans başına 30-90 dk arasında değişmiştir. Araştırma konuları; stres, uyku, yorgunluk, inkontinans, tükenmişlik, öz bakım, farkındalık, bağışıklık, kilo kaybı, benlik saygısı, beden imajı, anksiyete, dismenore, doğum sancısı ve akciğer fonksiyonları olarak saptanmıştır. Araştırma örneklemlerini ise gebeler, öğrenciler, hemşireler, yaşlılar, infertil bireyler, sağlıklı bireyler ile depresyon, kanser, Parkinson, şizofreni ve romatoid artrit hastaları oluşturmuştur. Sonuç: Bu sistematik derlemede, son 5 yıldır hemşirelik girişimi olarak yapılan yoga uygulamalarının sıklıkla stres, uyku, öz bakım, anksiyete, depresyon, farkındalık üzerine ve hemşireler, hemşirelik öğrencileri ve gebeler ile çalışıldığını, ayrıca olumlu etkiye sahip olduğunu gösteren bilimsel kanıtlara ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yoga; hemşirelik; yoga terapi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In this systematic review, it was aimed to reveal the place of yoga in nursing care by evaluating the work done by nurses on yoga and to evaluate its effectiveness. Material and Methods: The study was limited in the databases of Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, EBSCO Information Services, Google Scholar, Medline, Ovid between January 1, 2015 and July 30, 2019. "Yoga" "nursing", "yoga therapy" keywords were searched and national and international studies were searched. When the key words "yoga" and "nursing" were scanned, 3.049 data were obtained. All original research articles published in English/Turkish, published by nurses and accessible to the full text were included in the study. A total of 34 studies, all of which met the criteria and were in English, were evaluated. Results: In the evaluation of the data, general characteristics of the studies, yoga interventions performed by nurses, frequency, duration, sample groups were reported. Hatha yoga, yin-yang yoga, laughter yoga and facial yoga were generally used in the studies. The frequency of yoga practice is between one and seven days a week; the duration of administration ranged from thirty to ninety minutes per session for four days to twelve weeks. Subjects of study; stress, sleep, fatigue, incontinence, burnout, self-care, awareness, immunity, weight loss, self-esteem, body image, anxiety, dysmenorrhea, labor pains and lung functions. Pregnant women, students, nurses, elderly, infertile individuals, healthy individuals, and depression, cancer, Parkinson's, schizophrenia and rheumatoid arthritis patients were included in the study. Conclusion: In this systematic review, yoga practices which have been performed as a nursing intervention for the last five years have been frequently studied on stress, sleep, selfcare, anxiety, depression, awareness and with nurses, nursing students and pregnant women. In addition, scientific evidence has been obtained showing that it has a positive effect. However, it is emphasized in the literature that yoga should be applied for at least eight weeks in order to have a positive effect.

Keywords: Yoga; nursing; yoga therapy
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