Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Creation of Myeloma Model in BALB/c Mice: Experimental Study
BALB/c Farelerde Miyeloma Modelinin Oluşturulması: Deneysel Çalışma
Selda TAŞDEMİRa, Zuhal HAMURCUb, Kemal DENİZc, Nesrin DELİBAŞI KÖKÇÜa, Özlem CANÖZc, Mustafa ÇETİNd
aErciyes University Betül Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, TURKEY
bDepartment of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, TURKEY
cDepartment of Pathology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, TURKEY
dDepartment of Hematology Oncology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2021;41(3):250-7
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2020-78693
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) disease is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. It represents approximately 1% of all cancers in the world. Individual dissolution foci or diffuse osteopenia are common in the bones. In approximately 3% of the cases, non-bone marrow (extramedullary) involvement may occur and this solid involvement outside the bone marrow is defined as plasmacytoma. Experimental animal studies are widely used to elucidate metabolic and physiological mechanisms. It is more advantageous to use experimental animal models since there are many systemic organ involvement, especially in hematological cancers. We aimed to create a standard animal model for MM which is suitable for new experiments and drug trials. Seven experimental animal groups were created apart from the control group. Different amount of MOPC315 cells (1-2-5x106 /200-500 µL) applied to three different regions (subcutaneous right abdominal, intravenous to the tail vessel, intraperitoneal right abdominal), in male (n=10) and female (n=7) BALB/c mice. Insulin injection should not be used. Different waiting times were applied for tumor development (20-30 days). Material and Methods: The control group consisted of 1 male and 1 female mouse. Pathological examination was performed after hematoxylin and eosin staining of organs and suspicious tissues of mice killed by cervical dislocation. Results: According to our study, after cells were injected, pneumonia, which is one of the late symptoms of MM, developed in females, but no tumor was formed. Whereas, after the cell was injected, tumor formation was observed in males. Conclusion: According to our results, we suggest that the standard MM animal model can be created by intraperitoneally injecting of 2x106 /500 µL MOPC315 cells into male BALB/c mouse. Our work has been a pioneer in the use of animal experiments in MM disease in Turkey.

Keywords: Multiple myeloma; animal model
ÖZET
 Amaç: Multipl miyelom (MM) hastalığı, kemik iliğindeki malign plazma hücrelerinin klonal çoğalması ile karakterizedir. Dünyadaki tüm kanserlerin yaklaşık %1'ini temsil eder. Kemiklerde, tek tek erime odakları ya da diffüz osteopeni sık görülür. Olguların yaklaşık %3'ünde kemik dışı (ekstramedüller) tutulum olabilir ve kemik iliği dışındaki bu katı tutulum, plazmasitom olarak tanımlanır. Deneysel hayvan çalışmaları, metabolik ve fizyolojik mekanizmaları aydınlatmak için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle hematolojik kanserlerde, çok sayıda sistemik organ tutulumu olduğu için deneysel hayvan modellerinin kullanılması daha avantajlıdır. MM için yeni deneyler ve ilaç denemelerine uygun standart bir hayvan modeli oluşturmayı amaçladık. Kontrol grubunun dışında, 7 deneysel hayvan grubu oluşturuldu. Farklı sayıda erkek (n=10) ve dişi (n=7) BALB/c farelere, 3 farklı bölgeden (subkütan sağ karın, kuyruk damarına intravenöz, intraperitoneal sağ karın) farklı miktarda MOPC315 hücresi (1-2-5x106 /200-500 µL) uygulandı. İnsülin enjektörü kullanılmamalıdır. Tümör gelişimi için farklı bekleme süreleri uygulandı (20-30 gün). Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kontrol grubu, 1 erkek ve 1 dişi fareden oluşmaktaydı. Servikal dislokasyonla öldürülen farelerin organları ve şüpheli dokuların, hematoksilen-eozin boyanması sonucunda patolojik incelemesi yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmamıza göre hücreler enjekte edildikten sonra MM'nin geç semptomlarından biri olan pnömoni, dişi farelerde gelişti, ancak tümör oluşmadı. Oysa hücre enjekte edildikten sonra erkek farelerde tümör oluşumu gözlendi. Sonuç: Sonuçlarımıza göre standart MM hayvan modelinin, 2x106 /500 µL MOPC315 hücresinin erkek BALB/c fareye intraperitoneal yoldan enjekte edilmesi ile oluşturulabileceğini önermekteyiz. Çalışmamız, Türkiye'de MM hastalığında deney hayvanı kullanılması konusunda öncü olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Multipl miyelom; hayvan modeli
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