Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

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COVID-19 Pandemisinin Sporcularda Kas İskelet Sistemi Yaralanması, Antrenman Süresi, Vücut Ağırlığı ve Kaygı Düzeyine Etkisinin İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Investigation of the Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Musculoskeletal Injury, Training Duration, Body Weight and Anxiety Level in Athletes: A Sectional Study
Bihter AKINOĞLUa , Büşra PAKÖZb , Ayfer Ezgi YILMAZc , Tuğba KOCAHANd
aAnkara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
bGençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı, Ankara, Türkiye
cHacettepe Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, İstatistik Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
dSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Gülhane Tıp Fakültesi, Spor Hekimliği ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2023;15(2):175-84
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2022-90892
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisinin karantina/izolasyon sürecinde sporcuların, her ne kadar izolasyon koşullarının izin verdiği ölçüde bireysel antrenman yapmış olsalar da yapılan çalışmalarda; branşa özgü alan eksikliği (uygun saha, ekipman gibi), toplu antrenmanların yapılamaması, yüksek yoğunluklu egzersiz yapamama ve müsabakaların yokluğuna bağlı rekabetin olmaması nedeniyle etkilendiği belirtilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, COVID-19 pandemisinin sporcularda kas-iskelet sistemi yaralanması, antrenman süresi, vücut ağırlığı ve kaygı düzeyine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya 25 kadın, 40 erkek olmak üzere 65 gönüllü sporcu katılmıştır. Araştırmada, COVID-19 öncesi dönemde, sosyal izolasyon ve karantina döneminde ve kontrollü sosyal hayat döneminde; kas-iskelet sistemi yaralanması, antrenman süresi ve vücut ağırlığı ile ilgili bilgileri toplamak için genel değerlendirme formu ve COVID-19 ilişkili kaygı düzeyini belirlemek için ''COVID-19 Fobisi Ölçeği'' kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri analizi için frekans ve yüzde gibi betimsel istatistikler ve COVID-19 ilişkili kaygı düzeyindeki farklılığın çeşitli değişkenlere göre test edilmesi için bağımsız örneklem t-testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Sporcuların sosyal izolasyon ve karantina döneminde, COVID-19 öncesi döneme ve kontrollü sosyal hayat dönemine göre daha az antrenman yaptıkları ve vücut ağırlıklarının daha fazla olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Bununla birlikte, kadın sporcuların erkek sporculara göre COVID-19 ilişkili kaygıdan daha fazla etkilendikleri belirlendi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Sosyal izolasyon ve karantina gerektiren pandemi durumlarında, sporculara antrenman yapabilecekleri uygun ortamların sağlanması, kilo alımının engellenmesine yönelik eğitim ve bilgilendirilmelerin yapılması ve kaygı durumlarını yönetebilmeleri için destek terapiler alınmasının uygun olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; sporcu; fiziksel aktivite; kaygı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In the quarantine/isolation period of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, although the athletes trained individually to the extent allowed by the isolation conditions; in the studies conducted, it is stated that it is affected by the lack of branchspecific area (such as suitable field, equipment), the inability to perform collective training, the inability to do high-intensity exercise and the absence of competition due to the absence of competitions. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the musculoskeletal system problem, training duration, body weight and anxiety level in athletes. Material and Methods: 65 volunteer athletes, 25 female and 40 male, participated in the study. In the research, in the pre-COVID-19 period, during the social isolation and quarantine period, and during the controlled social life period; a general evaluation form was used to collect information about musculoskeletal injury, training time and body weight, and the ''COVID-19 Phobia Scale'' was used to determine the level of anxiety related to COVID-19. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were used for data analysis of the research, and independent sample t-test was used to test the difference in COVID-19 phobia according to various variables. Results: It was determined that the athletes trained less and their body weights were higher during the social isolation and quarantine period compared to the pre-COVID-19 period and the controlled social life period (p<0.05). However, it was determined that female athletes were more affected by COVID-19-related phobias than male athletes (p<0.05). Conclusion: We think that in pandemic situations that require social isolation and quarantine, it may be appropriate to provide athletes with suitable environments where they can train, to provide training and information to prevent weight gain, and to receive supportive therapies to manage their anxiety.

Keywords: COVID-19; athlete; physical activity; anxiety
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