Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
COVID-19 Pandemisinde Erişkinlerin Besin Desteği Kullanımı ile İlgili Tutumları, Davranışları ve İlişkili Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Bir Çalışma
Evaluation of Adults' Attitudes, Behaviors and Related Factors on Use of Nutritional Support in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Descriptive Study
Dilara CANBAY ÖZDEMİRa, Büşra AKARSUa, Duygu AYHAN BAŞERa, İzzet FİDANCIa, Hilal AKSOYa, Mustafa CANKURTARANb
aHacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Aile Hekimliği ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
bHacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Geriatri BD, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(2):307-19
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2021-85276
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID- 19)] pandemisi ile çeşitli nedenlerle bazı besin desteklerinin (vitamin, mineral ve bitkisel ürünler) kullanımının arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ile erişkin bireylerin COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde besin desteği kullanımı ile ilgili tutumları, davranışları ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma, 27 Ekim 2020-27 Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında internet üzerinden yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye'deki 18 yaş üstü sosyal medya ve akıllı telefon uygulaması kullanan tüm bireyler oluşturmaktaydı. Anket toplam 32 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, evren büyüklüğü ve prevalansı bilinmeyen durum için yapılan örneklem hesabına göre; %95 güven aralığı ve %5 hata payı ile örneklem sayısı 384 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya katılmış olanların %20,4'ü COVID-19 pandemisi öncesinde multivitamin/ mineral preparatı (MMP) kullanmaktayken, %45,4'ü pandemi döneminde MMP kullanmaktadır. Katılımcıların %18,1'i COVID-19 pandemisi öncesinde bitkisel ürünler kullanmaktayken, %25,4'ü pandemi döneminde bitkisel ürün kullanmaktadır. Kadınlar erkeklere göre MMP'leri hem pandemi öncesinde (p=0,009) hem de pandemi sürecinde (p=0,03) daha fazla kullanmaktadır. COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirmiş olanların ve yakını COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirmiş olanların pandemi sürecinde MMP kullanma oranı, bu enfeksiyonu geçirmemiş olanlara göre daha yüksektir (p=0,001, p<0,001). Sonuç: Akılcı ilaç kullanımı program çerçevesinde en çok dikkat çeken preparatlardan olan besin desteklerinin COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde kullanımının arttığı görülmektedir. Bu preparatların doktor önerisi ve gözetiminde kullanılması ve özellikle bazı özel durumlardaki kullanımı göze alınarak toplum geneli eğitim ve uyarıların yapılması önem taşımaktadır. Aile hekimlerinin koruyucu hekimlik ve biyopsikososyal bakış açısı çerçevesinde yaklaşımlarının akılcı besin desteği kullanımını destekleyeceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; birinci basamak sağlık hizmeti; besin destekleri; vitaminler; mineraller
ABSTRACT
 Objective: It is seen that the use of some nutritional supplements (vitamin, mineral and herbal products) has increased for various reasons with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Aim of this study was to evaluate the attitudes, behaviors and related factors of adult individuals regarding the use of nutritional supplements during pandemic. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted online between 27 October 2020 and 27 November 2020. Population of the research consisted of all individuals over the age of 18 who use social media and smartphone applications in Turkey. The survey consists of 32 questions. In our study, according to the sampling calculation made for the case whose population size and prevalence are unknown; the sample size was calculated as 384 with 95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error. Results: While 20.4% were using multivitamin/mineral preparation (MMP) before pandemic, 45.4% were using it during pandemic. While 18.1% used herbal products before pandemic, 25.4% used it during pandemic. Women use MMP preparations more than men before pandemic (p=0.009) and during pandemic (p=0.03). The rate of MMP use was higher in those who and their relatives have experienced COVID-19 infection (p=0.001, p<0.001). Conclusion: It was seen that the use of nutritional supplements, which is one of the most remarkable preparations within the framework of the rational drug use program, has increased in the pandemic process. It is important to give general education and warnings to the society, taking into account the use of these preparations under the recommendation and supervision of a doctor, and especially in some special cases. It is thought that the approaches of family physicians within the framework of preventive medicine and biopsychosocial perspective will support the rational use of nutritional supplements.

Keywords: COVID-19; primary health care; dietary supplements; vitamins; minerals
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