Turkiye Klinikleri Archives of Lung

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
COVID-19 Geçirmiş Olmanın Aşı Karşıtlığına Etkisi: Gözlemsel Prospektif Çalışma
The Effect of Having COVID-19 on Anti-Vaccination: Observational Prospective Study
Deniz BİLİCİa, Coşkun DOĞANa, Burcu ARPINAR YİĞİTBAŞa, Esra Ertan YAZARa, Furkan Alp ERENb
aİstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın Şehir Hastanesi, Göğüs Hastalıkları ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
bİstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın Şehir Hastanesi, Aile Hekimliği ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri Arch Lung. 2022;21(3):74-81
doi: 10.5336/archlung.2022-93964
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019'u [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] geçirmiş olmanın aşı karşıtlığı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, Şubat 2022-Ağustos 2022 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz COVID göğüs hastalıkları kliniğinde yapıldı. Çalışmaya, kliniğimizde yatan COVID-19 aşısı olmamış, COVID-19 aşı karşıtı olan olgular dâhil edildi. Olguların aşı karşıtlığı düzeyi Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği (AKÖ) ile ölçüldü. Ayrıca çalışmaya dâhil edilen olguların yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, medeni hâl, hanede yaşayan kişi sayısı, ortalama aylık gelir, sigara öyküsü, ek kronik hastalıklar gibi demografik bilgileri kayıt edildi. Olguların, COVID göğüs hastalıkları kliniğimizde yatan tüm hastalar için incelenen rutin radyolojik, laboratuvar tetkikleri, klinikte takip süreleri, tedavi sonuçları kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 46 olgu alındı. Olguların yaş ortalaması 54,63±14,81 olup, 24'ü (%52,1) kadın idi. Tüm olgulara hastaneye yatışında AKÖ uygulandı. Altı olgu solunum yetersizliği nedeniyle yoğun bakım ünitesine sevk edildiğinden bu olgulara 2. AKÖ uygulanamadı ve bu 6 olgu çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Kalan 40 olguya taburcu olmadan hemen önce 2. AKÖ uygulandı. Olguların COVID-19 enfeksiyonu öncesi ve sonrası için her soru puanı, A-B-C bölüm puanı ve toplam ölçek skoru karşılaştırıldı. COVID-19 enfeksiyonu öncesi AKÖ toplam skoru 36,48±7,36 iken, COVID-19 sonrası toplam skoru 25,65±9,10 olarak saptandı, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma olduğu görüldü (p<0,001). Tüm A-B-C bölümlerinde ortalama puanının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak düştüğü gözlendi (p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda, COVID-19 aşı karşıtı olan olguların hastalığı geçirdikten sonra aşı karşıtlığının derecesinin azaldığını saptadık. Benzer çalışmaların yapılması ve sonuçlarının kitle iletişim araçları vasıtası ile paylaşılmasının, özellikle pandemi dönemlerinde, toplumda aşı karşıtı bireylerin bu duruma bakış açısını değiştirebileceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; aşı karşıtlığı; aşı karşıtlığı ölçeği
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In this study, the effect of having had coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease on anti-vaccination was investigated. Material and Methods: The study was conducted between February 2022-August 2022 in the COVID chest diseases clinic in our hospital. The cases who were COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and not vaccinated against COVID-19 hospitalized in our clinic were included in the study. The level of anti-vaccination of the cases was measured with the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS). In addition, demographic informations such as age, gender, educational status, marital status, number of people living in the household, average monthly income, smoking history, and additional chronic diseases were recorded. Routine radiological and laboratory examinations, follow-up times in the clinic, and treatment results were recorded for cases like all patients hospitalized in our COVID chest diseases clinic. Results: 46 cases were included in the study. The mean age of the cases was 54.63±14.81 years, 24 (52.1%) were female. VHS was applied to all cases at the time of hospitalization. Since 6 cases were referred to the intensive care unit due to respiratory failure, the second VHS could not be applied to these cases, and these 6 cases were excluded from the study. A 2nd VHS was performed in the remaining 40 patients just before discharge. Each question score, A-B-C section score and total scale score were compared for the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 cases. While the VHS total score before COVID-19 infection was 36.48±7.36, the post-COVID-19 total score was found to be 25.65±9.10, a statistically significant decrease was observed (p<0.001). It was observed that the mean scores of A-B-C decreased statistically in all sections (p<0.001). Conclusion: As a result of our study, we found that the degree of anti-vaccine resistance decreased after the patients who were against the COVID-19 vaccine had the disease. As a result of our study, we found that the degree of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy of patients decreased after they had the disease. We believe that conducting similar studies and sharing their results through mass media, can change the perspective of vaccine hesitancy individuals in society on this situation, especially during pandemic periods.

Keywords: COVID-19; vaccine hesitancy; scale of vaccine hesitancy
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