Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
COVID-19 Enfeksiyonunun Hemşirelerin Kaygı ve Umutsuzluk Düzeylerine Etkisi
The Effect of COVID-19 Infection on Nurses' Anxiety and Hopelessness Levels
Kübra KAYAOĞLUa, Hatice POLATb, Sibel ASİ KARAKAŞc, Özlem ŞAHİN ALTUNc
aFırat Üniversitesi Kovancılar Meslek Yüksekokulu, İlk ve Acil Yardım Programı, Elazığ, TÜRKİYE
bMalatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Kliniği, Malatya, TÜRKİYE
cAtatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalığı Hemşireliği ABD, Erzurum, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(4):958-70
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-80790
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19)] enfeksiyonu nedeniyle hemşirelerin kaygı ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte yürütülen bu araştırma 261 hemşire ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında hemşirelerin emografik özelliklerini belirleyen 'Kişisel Bilgi Formu', 'Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği', ve 'Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği' kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; sayı, ortalama, yüzdelik dağılımlar, standart sapma, One-Way ANOVA, t-test, Cronbach alfa katsayısı, Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği'nin puan ortalamasının 47,98±11,24 (orta seviyede), Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği'nin puan ortalamasının 45,22±8,07 (orta seviyede) ve Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği'nin toplam puan ortalamasının 14,06±4,38 (yüksek seviyede) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği alt ölçek toplam puanları ve Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği'nin alt boyutları ve toplam puan ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği'nin alt ölçek toplam puanları ile Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği toplam puanı ve tüm alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. (p<0,01) Sonuç: Çalışma bulguları doğrultusunda, hemşirelerin kaygı düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu ve umutsuzluklarının ise yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin umutsuzluk ve kaygı düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, hemşirelerde kaygıyı ve umutsuzluğu artıran faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve önlemek için çalışmalar yapılması çalışılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; umut; kaygı; pandemi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to determine the levels of anxiety and hopelessness in nurses due to coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Material and Methods: This descriptive type research was conducted with 261 nurses. The 'Personal Information Form' to determine the demographic characteristics of the nurses, 'State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)' and 'Beck Hopelessness Scale' were used in the data collection. Numbers, mean, percentage distributions, standard deviation, One-Way ANOVA, t-test, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data. Results: It was found that the average score of State Anxiety Inventory was 47.98±11.24 (moderate level), the average score of Trait Anxiety Inventory was 45.22±8.07 (moderate level) and the total score of Beck Hopelessness Scale was 14.06±4.38 (high level). In the comparison of the nurses' State-Trait Anxiety Inventory sub-scale score averages and Beck Hopelessness Scale subscale and total score averages, it was found that there was a positively significant relationship between State-Trait Anxiety Inventory subscale score averages and the Beck Hopelessness Scale total score and all sub-scale score (p<0.01). Conclusion: According to the study findings, it was determined that nurses' anxiety levels were moderate and their hopelessness was high. It was found that there was a positively significant relationship between the nurses' levels of hopeless and anxiety. In line with these findings, it is recommended to determine the factors that increase anxiety and hopeless in nurses and to prevent them.

Keywords: COVID-19; hope; anxiety; pandemic
REFERENCES:
  1. Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, Krüger N, Herrler T, Erichsen S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and ıs blocked by a clinically proven protease ınhibitor. Cell. 2020;181(2):271-80.e8. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  2. Aslan R. Tarihte ve günümüzde endemik hastalıklar ve COVID-19 [Endemic diseases in history and today and COVID-19]. Göller Bölgesi Aylık Ekonomi ve Kültür Dergisi. 2020;8(85): 35-41. [Link] 
  3. Wang L, Wang Y, Ye D, Liu Q. Review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on current evidence. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(6):105948. Erratum in: Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;56(3):106137. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  4. Şenol Çelik S, Atlı Özbaş A, Çelik B, Karahan A, Bulut H, Koç G, et al. COVID-19 Pandemisi: Türk Hemşireler Derneği [The COVID-19 Pandemic: Turkish Nurses Association]. Koç Üniversitesi Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi. 2020;17(3):279-183. [Link] 
  5. Devrim Başterzi A, Cesur E, Güvenç R, Taşdelen R, Yılmaz T. COVID-19 ve Damgalama. Retrieved form [Link] 
  6. Park JS, Lee EH, Park NR, Choi YH. Mental Health of Nurses Working at a Government-designated Hospital During a MERS-CoV Outbreak: A Cross-sectional Study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2018;32(1):2-6. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  7. Zengin L, Gümüş F. Hemşirelerde kaygı ve depresif belirtiler ve ilişkili faktörler [Anxiety and depressive symptoms in nurses and related factors]. JAREN. 2019;5(2):116-22. [Link] 
  8. Sevinç S, Özdemir S. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kaygı ve umutsuzluk ilişkisi: Kilis Örneği [Relationship between nursing students' anxiety and hopelessness: Kilis Example]. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi. 2017;19(2):14-24. [Link] 
  9. Taslak S, Işıkay Ç. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin eğitim algıları ile kaygı ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin incelenmesine yönelik bir çalışma: sağlık yüksekokulu örneği. [A study for the investigation of the nursing students' perceptions of education and anxiety and hopelessness levels: the case of the school of health]. SDÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2015;6(3):108-15. [Link] 
  10. Hacimusalar Y, Kahve AC, Yasar AB, Aydin MS. Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;129:181-8. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  11. Sakaoğlu HH, Orbatu D, Emiroglu M, Çakır Ö. COVID-19 salgını sırasında sağlık çalışanlarında Spielberger durumu ve sürekli kaygı düzeyi: Bir Tepecik Hastanesi Olgusu [Spielberger state and trait anxiety level in healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A case of Tepecik Hospital]. Tepecik Eğit. ve Araşt. Hast. Dergisi. 2020;30(Ek sayı):1-9. [Link] 
  12. Koç M, Arslan Y. Pandeminin (COVID-19) hemşirelerin ruh sağlığı üzerinde etkileri ve psikiyatri hemşiresinin rolü. Gürhan N, editör. Pandemide Psikiyatri Hemşireliği. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p. 64-8. [Link] 
  13. Muşlu C, Baltacı D, Kutanis R, Kara İH. Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde ve hastanelerde çalışan hemşirelerde yaşam kalitesi, kaygı ve depresyon [Quality of life, anxiety and depression in nurses working at primary health care and hospitals]. Konuralp Tıp Dergisi. 2012;4(1):17-23. [Link] 
  14. Resmî Gazete (19 Nisan 2011, Sayı: 27910) sayılı Hemşirelik Yönetmeliğinde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Yönetmelik. 2011. [Link] 
  15. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. Manual for Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory. California: Consulting Psychologist Press. 1970. [Link] 
  16. Öner N, Le Compte A. Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları; 1983. [Link] 
  17. Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L. The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1974;42(6):861-5. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  18. Seber G, Dilbaz N, Kaptanoğlu C, Tekin D. Umutsuzluk ölçeği: geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik [The hopelessness scale: validity and reliability]. Kriz Dergisi. 1993;1:139-42. [Link] 
  19. Durak A, Palabıyıkoğlu R. Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği'nin geçerlilik çalışması [Validity study of Beck Hopelessness Scale]. Kriz Dergisi. 1994;2(2):311-9. [Crossref] 
  20. Sağlık Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü-Hasta Hakları ve Tıbbi Sosyal Hizmetler Dairesi Başkanlığı. [Erişim tarihi: 12 Eylül 2020]. Erişim linki: [Link] 
  21. Bagcchi S. Stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(7):782. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  22. Reynolds DL, Garay JR, Deamond SL, Moran MK, Gold W, Styra R. Understanding, compliance and psychological impact of the SARS quarantine experience. Epidemiol Infect. 2008;136(7):997-1007. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  23. Taylor S, Landry CA, Rachor GS, Paluszek MM, Asmundson GJG. Fear and avoidance of healthcare workers: An important, under-recognized form of stigmatization during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Anxiety Disord. 2020;75:102289. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  24. Çölgeçen Y, Çölgeçen H. COVID-19 pandemisine bağlı yaşanan kaygı düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye örneği. [Evaluation of anxiety levels arising from COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Turkey]. Turkish Studies. 2020;15(4):261-75. [Crossref] 
  25. Que J, Shi L, Deng J, Liu J, Zhang L, Wu S, et al. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study in China. Gen Psychiatr. 2020;33(3):e100259. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  26. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  27. Zhang WR, Wang K, Yin L, Zhao WF, Xue Q, Peng M, et al. Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 2020;89(4):242-50. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  28. Chew NWS, Lee GKH, Tan BYQ, Jing M, Goh Y, Ngiam NJH, et al. A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;88:559-65. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  29. McAlonan GM, Lee AM, Cheung V, Cheung C, Tsang KW, Sham PC, et al. Immediate and sustained psychological impact of an emerging infectious disease outbreak on health care workers. Can J Psychiatry. 2007;52(4):241-7. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  30. Grace SL, Hershenfield K, Robertson E, Stewart DE. The occupational and psychosocial impact of SARS on academic physicians in three affected hospitals. Psychosomatics. 2005;46(5):385-91. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  31. Nickell LA, Crighton EJ, Tracy CS, Al-Enazy H, Bolaji Y, Hanjrah S, et al. Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff: survey of a large tertiary care institution. CMAJ. 2004;170(5):793-8. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  32. Simione L, Gnagnarella C. Differences between health workers and general population in risk perception, behaviors, and psychological distress related to COVID-19 Spread in Italy. Front Psychol. 2020;11:2166. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  33. Carretta CM, Ridner SH, Dietrich MS. Hope, hopelessness, and anxiety: a pilot instrument comparison study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2014;28(4):230-4. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  34. Marai L. Anxiety and hopelessness in two South Pacific countries: exploratory studies. Soc. Behav. Pers. 2004;32(8):723-30. [Crossref] 
  35. Li Z, Ge J, Yang M, Feng J, Qiao M, Jiang R, et al. Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;88:916-9. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com