Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

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Cinsiyet Değişikliği İçin Başvuran Dört Olgunun Adli-Tıbbi Süreçlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of Forensic-Medical Processes of Four Cases Applying for Gender Change
Meksel CENGİZa , Yılmaz Onur YÜCESANa , Celal BÜTÜNa , Muhammet CANa
aBalıkesir Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp AD, Balıkesir, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2024;21(2):96-100
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2024-102600
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Anayasa Mahkemesine göre cinsiyet; bireyin sahip olduğu fizyolojik, biyolojik ve genetik özelliklerini ifade eden bir kavram olup biyolojik cinsiyet, bireyin doğuştan sahip olduğu üreme organları ve sistemleri dikkate alınarak kadın veya erkek olarak yapılan tanımlamadır. 4721 Sayılı Türk Medeni Kanunu'nun 40. maddesinde cinsiyet değişikliği talebinde bulunan kişinin Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesine başvurarak şahsen dava açması, 18 yaşını doldurmuş olması, hâlihazırda evli olmaması, transseksüel yapıda olup cinsiyet değişikliğinin ruh sağlığı açısından zorunlu olduğunu bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinden alınacak resmî sağlık kurulu raporuyla belgelemesi gerektiği belirtilmektedir. Cinsiyet değişikliği talebi ile Hukuk Mahkemesince rapor düzenlenmesi istemi adli tıp pratiğinde sıkça karşılaşılan bir durumdur. Mahkemeler cinsiyet değişikliği davalarının farklı aşamalarında farklı soruların yanıtlanmasını isteyebilmektedirler. Çalışmamızda, 2022 ve 2023 yıllarında adli tıp ana bilim dalımıza başvuran 4 olgu hakkında düzenlenen raporlar ışığında; mevcut yürürlükteki kanunlar, Anayasa Mahkemesi ve Yargıtay kararları, cinsiyet değişikliği dosyalarının aşamaları, yapılan tıbbi tedavi ile izlemler ve düzenlenen rapor sonuçlarının tartışılması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Cinsiyet değişikliği; adli tıp; transseksüalizm; Türk Medeni Kanunu
ABSTRACT
 According to the Constitutional Court, gender is a concept that expresses an individual's physiological, biological, and genetic characteristics, and biological gender is defined as male or female based on the reproductive organs and systems an individual is born with. According to Article 40 of the Turkish Civil Code No. 4721, the person requesting gender change must personally file a lawsuit by applying to the Civil Court of First Instance, must be over 18 years of age, must not be currently married, must be transgender and must have an official health certificate obtained from a training and research hospital stating that gender change is mandatory for mental health. It is stated that it must be documented with the board report. The request for the issuance of reports by the Legal Courts for gender transition is a frequently encountered situation in Forensic Medicine practice. Courts may request answers to different questions at various stages of gender transition cases. In our study, based on the reports prepared regarding 4 cases that applied to our Department of Forensic Medicine in 2022 and 2023; current laws, Constitutional Court decisions, stages of gender reassignment files, medical treatments administered, and follow-ups were discussed, and the results reported were examined accordingly.

Keywords: Sex reassignment; forensic medicine; transsexualism; Turkish Civil Code
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