Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Çalışan ve Öğrenci Hemşirelerde Etik Duyarlılık Düzeyi ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Ethical Sensitivity Levels of Employed and Student Nurses and Effective Factors
Şeyda DÜLGERLERa, Nihan DURGUb, Cansu GÜLERa
aEge Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bManisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Manisa, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2020;28(3):345-53
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-73700
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Araştırma, çalışan ve öğrenci hemşirelerin etik duyarlılık düzeyleri ile bunları etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek, 2 grubun etik duyarlılık düzeylerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcıilişkisel tipteki araştırma, 01 Ekim 2017-28 Ekim 2018 tarihleri arasında, Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi 4. sınıfında öğrenim gören 197 hemşirelik öğrencisi ve Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde çalışan 105 hemşire ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, kişisel bilgi formu ve ahlaki duyarlılık anketi ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, oneway ANOVA, independent t-testi ve LSD post hoc testi kullanılmıştır. Ahlaki duyarlılık anketi toplam ölçek puan ortalaması, öğrenci hemşirelerde 92,49±22,02; çalışan hemşirelerde 88,44±22,57 olarak belirlenmiştir. İki grup arasında otonomi, bütüncül yaklaşım ve çatışma alt ölçek puan ortalamalarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu saptanmıştır. Etik bilgi düzey algısı yeterli olan çalışan hemşirelerin, otonomi ve uygulama alt boyutunda; 20-24 yaş arası öğrenci hemşirelerin ise yarar sağlama alt boyutunda etik duyarlılıkları daha yüksektir. Öğrenci ve çalışan hemşirelerin orta düzey etik duyarlılığa sahip olduğu, ancak çalışan hemşirelerin etik duyarlılık düzeylerinin öğrenci hemşirelerden daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışan hemşirelerin, otonomi ve bütüncül yaklaşım alt boyutunda etik duyarlılıkları; öğrenci hemşirelerin ise çatışma alt boyutunda etik duyarlılıkları daha yüksektir. Çalışan hemşirelerde etik bilgi düzeyi algısı, öğrenci hemşirelerde yaş, etik duyarlılık düzeyinde etkilidir. Öğrenci ve çalışan hemşirelerin ahlaki duyarlılıklarının artırılması için mezun olmadan önce ve sonra etik ile ilgili eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesi ve güçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşire; etik; ahlaki duyarlılık; öğrenci
ABSTRACT
 The aim of this study was to determine the ethical sensitivity levels of employed and student nurses and the factors affecting them, and to compare the ethical sensitivity levels of the two groups. The descriptive-relational type of study was conducted between October 1st 2017-28 October 2018 with 197 fourth grade nursing students studying at Ege University Faculty of Nursing and 105 nurses working at Ege University Medical Faculty Hospital. Data were collected by Personal Information Form and Moral Responsibility Questionnaire and analyzed by one-way ANOVA, independent t-test and LSD post hoc.The mean score of the scale was found to be 92,49±22,02 in student nurses and 88,44±22,57 in employed nurses. There was a significant difference between the 2 groups in the mean scores of autonomy, holistic approach and conflict subscale. Employed nurses who have sufficient level of ethics knowledge perception have higher ethical sensitivity in the autonomy and application dimensions and student nurses aged 20-24 in the benefit dimension. Student and employed nurses had a moderate level of ethical sensitivity and the level of ethical sensitivity of employed nurses was higher than students. Employed nurses have higher ethical sensitivity in autonomy and holistic approach, and student nurses have higher ethical sensitivity in conflict. The perception of ethical knowledge level in employed nurses is effective on the level of age and ethical sensitivity in students. It is recommended to develop and strengthen ethical training programs before and after graduation in order to increase the ethical sensitivity of students and employed nurses.

Keywords: Nurse; ethic; moral sensitivity; student
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