Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Veteriner ve Tıp Fakülteleri Öğrencilerinin Zoonoz Hastalıklar Hakkındaki Farkındalık Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Assessment of Awareness Level on Zoonotic Diseases of Medicine Faculty and Veterinary Medicine Faculty Students in Bursa Uludağ University
Güler KAYABAŞLIa, Türel ÖZKULb, Elif ATICIc
aTıp Tarihi ve Etik AD, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü,
bVeteriner Hekimliği Tarihi ve Deontoloji AD, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi,
cTıp Tarihi ve Etik AD, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Bursa, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2019;27(2):128-37
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2019-66095
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Tek sağlık konsepti temelinde tıp ve veteriner fakülteleri 1. ve son sınıf öğrencilerinin zoonozlar konusundaki farkındalık düzeylerinin karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Örneklemi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp ve Veteriner Fakülteleri 1. ve son sınıf öğrencisi 1.004 kişi oluşturmaktadır (n=598). Katılım oranı %59,6'dır. Veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılan anket formunun birinci bölümü cinsiyet, yaş, fakülteye girmeden önce en uzun süre yaşanılan yer, fakülte-sınıf değişkenleriyle zoonoz hastalıklarla ilgili bilgiyi nereden edindikleri, ailede zoonoz hastalık geçirilme durumu ve tek sağlık konseptinin tanımını yazmalarını içermektedir. İkinci bölümde, zoonozlar hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla üçlü likert skalası kullanılarak hazırlanan 17 ölçüm maddesi yer almaktadır. Analizde SPSS 22.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Zoonoz bilgisine sahip olduğunu ifade edenlerin oranı %60,2'dir. Bilginin edinildiği yer olarak ilk sırada okul (%74,8) bulunmaktadır. Pet besleme oranı %64,7 çiftlik hayvanıyla ilgilenme oranı %34,4'tür. Ailede zoonoz hastalık geçirme durumu düşük olup (%4,5), en sık görülen hastalık bruselloz (%74)'dur. Tek sağlık konseptini bildiğini ifade edenlerin oranı %14,2'dir. Bu oran veteriner öğrencilerinde (%98,8) yüksektir. Tek sağlık tanımını yapanların tamamı veteriner fakültesi öğrencileridir. Tanımlamada en çok sağlık hizmeti sunumunda hekim-veteriner iş birliğine (%48,7) değinilmiştir. On yedi ölçüm maddesinden veteriner fakültesi öğrencilerinin tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinden ve her iki fakültede de son sınıf öğrencilerinin birinci sınıf öğrencilerinden daha fazla puan aldıkları saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Zoonoz bilgisinin tıp öğrencilerinde daha az olması, tek sağlık konseptine yabancı olduklarının görülmesi, toplumun sağlık gereksinimlerini dikkate alan bütüncül hizmet anlayışını zayıflatmaktadır. Küresel düzeyde etkiye sahip olan zoonozlarla mücadelede insan-hayvan-çevre sağlığı birlikte değerlendirilerek tıp ve veteriner hekimlerinin iş birliği içinde çalışması, eğitimin interdisipliner olarak sunulması önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tek sağlık; zoonoz hastalıklar; disiplinlerarası eğitim; küresel sağlık; tıp eğitimi; veteriner hekimliği eğitimi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Evaluating awareness level of zoonosis comparatively in freshmen and senior students of medical and veterinary faculties on the bases of one health concept. Material and Methods: The sample consists of 1.004 students in the first and last year of education in Bursa Uludağ University Medicine and Veterinary Medicine Faculties. Participation rate is 59.6% (n=598). As data collection tool, first part of the questionnaire includes variables as gender, age, place where students longest lived before entering faculty, where they get information about zoonosis, zoonotic disease status in family and one health concept definition. In the second part, 17 measurement items prepared by using triple-likert scale to determine level of knowledge about zoonosis. SPSS 22.0 package program is used. Results: The rate who stated that they have knowledge about zoonosis is 60.2%. School is the first place where information is obtained (74.8%). Pet ownership and dealing with farm animals rates are 64.7%, 34.4% respectively. Having zoonotic diseases in family is low (4.5%) and the most common disease is brucellosis (74%). Only 14.2% stated that they know one health concept. This is high among veterinary students (98.8%). All definitions about one health are made by veterinary students. Physician-veterinary cooperation in the healthcare delivery is the most mentioned in definition (48.7%). Veterinary students and senior students in both faculties received higher scores in 17 measurement items. Conclusion: Having less information about zoonosis and ignorant of one health in medical students weakens the understanding of healthcare with integrative taking into account the health needs of society. Evaluating human-animalenvironment health together, physicians-veterinarians cooperation and presenting education interdisciplinary is important.

Keywords: One health; zoonosis; interprofessional education; global health; medical education; veterinary education
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