Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bruksizmin Antegonial ve Gonial Bölgedeki Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Analitik Araştırma
Evaluation of the Effects of Bruxism on the Antegonial and Gonial Region: Analytical Research
Hazal KARSLIOĞLUa , Mesude ÇİTİRb , Canan UZUNc
aMersin Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi AD, Mersin, Türkiye
bGaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi AD, Tokat, Türkiye
cSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi AD, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2024;30(4):579-87
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2024-104152
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bruksizm diş sıkma ve/veya diş gıcırdatma ile karakterize bir parafonksiyonel alışkanlıktır. Bruksizm uyku sırasında veya uyanıkken ortaya çıkabilir. Erişkin popülasyonda yaygın olarak karşılaştığımız için klinik açıdan önemli bir olgudur. Bruksizmin nedenleri hakkındaki görüşler çok sayıda ve çok çeşitlidir. Malokluzyon, uyku bozuklukları, sempatik veya parasempatik sinir sistemi aktivasyonu, alkol, tütün, ilaç, parafonksiyonel alışkanlıklar, temporomandibular eklem bozuklukları, yüksek anksiyete düzeyi, psikiyatrik bozukluklar ve stres olası etiyolojik faktörler arasında sayılmaktadır. Bruksizmin sonuçlarında ise diş aşınması, ağrı gibi etkiler dışında diş hareketi, ağız yumuşak dokuları ve çene kemiğinde yaptığı değişiklikler de yer alabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bruksizmin çiğneme kaslarının tutunma yeri olan mandibula antegonial ve gonial bölgelerindeki etkilerini panoramik radyografik görüntüler kullanarak değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamıza 106'sında bruksizm olan; 132'sinde bruksizm olmayan toplam 238 kişi dâhil edildi. Panoramik radyogramlarda Image J programı kullanılarak mandibula sağ ve solda gonial açı, antegonial açı ve antegonial derinlik ölçüldü. Ayrıca gonial bölgede kemik apozisyonu varlığı değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Gonial açı, antegonial açı kadınlarda daha yüksekken; antegonial derinlik erkeklerde yüksekti. Gonial bölgede ekzostoz varlığı erkeklerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derece daha fazlaydı. Bruksizmi olan gruptaki antegonial derinlik ölçümlerinin bruksizmi olmayan gruba göre anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük olduğu görüldü. Bruksizmi olan ve olmayan bireyler arasında gonial bölgede kemik apozisyonu açısından anlamlı bir farlılık bulunmadı. Sonuç: Çalışmamız, alt çenede bruksizme göre bir yeniden şekillenme olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu yeniden şekillenme bölgeye özgü görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Antegonial açı; antegonial derinlik; bruksizm; gonial açı; panoramik radyograf
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Bruxism is a parafunctional habit characterized by clenching and/or grinding the teeth. Bruxism can occur during sleep or while awake. It is a clinically important phenomenon because we commonly encounter it in the adult population. Opinions about the causes of bruxism are many and varied. Malocclusion, sleep disorders, sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system activation, alcohol, tobacco, medication, parafunctional habits, temporomandibular joint disorders, high anxiety level, psychiatric disorders and stress are among the possible etiological factors. The consequences of bruxism, in addition to effects such as tooth wear and pain, may also include changes in tooth movement, oral soft tissues and jaw bone. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of bruxism on the antegonial and gonial regions of the mandible, which are the attachment points of the chewing muscles, using panoramic radiographic images. Material and Methods: A total of 238 people, 106 of whom had bruxism and 132 of whom did not have bruxism, were included in our study. In panoramic radiograms, gonial angle, antegonial angle and antegonial depth were measured on the right and left sides of the mandible using the Image J program. Additionally, the presence of bone apposition in the gonial region was evaluated. Results: While gonial angle and antegonial angle were higher in women; antegonial depth was higher in males. The presence of exostosis in the gonial region was statistically significantly higher in men. It was observed that the antegonial depth measurements in the group with bruxism were significantly lower than in the group without bruxism. There was no significant difference in bone apposition in the gonial region between individuals with and without bruxism. Conclusion: This study shows that there is a remodeling in the lower jaw according to bruxism. This reshaping appears to be specific to the region.

Keywords: Antagonial angle; antagonial depth; bruxism; gonial angle; panoramic radiograph
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