Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bireylerin COVID-19 Aşısı Hakkında Düşünce ve Tutumları: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Thoughts and Attitudes of Individuals About COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Study
Ebru ÖZTÜRK ÇOPURa, Fatma KARASUa
aKilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi Yusuf Şerefoğlu Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik ABD, Kilis, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(2):525-33
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2021-84513
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan koronavirüs hastalığı2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisinin, ancak etkili ve güvenli bir aşılama programı ile kontrol altına alınabileceği düşünülmektedir. Aşılama programının başarılı olmasında, bireylerin aşıya karşı oluşturdukları düşünce ve tutumlar önemlidir. Bu çalışma, bireylerin COVID-19 aşısı hakkında düşünce ve tutumlarının incelenmesi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Betimleyici tipteki araştırmanın evrenini, Türkiye'de yaşayan 18 yaş üzeri çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü bireyler oluşturmuştur. Kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak, 15.2.2021-15.3.2021 tarihleri arasında 682 bireye ulaşılmıştır. Veriler, 'kişisel bilgi formu' ve 'COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği' kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 24.0 programı ile t ve ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U ve çoklu regresyon analizi testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın yürütülebilmesi için etik kurul izni alınmıştır. Bulgular: Bireylerin COVID-19 aşısına yönelik olumlu tutum puan ortalaması 3,20±1,18; olumsuz tutum puan ortalaması ise 3,56±0,88 olduğu bulunmuştur. COVID-19 aşısını yaptırmak isteyenlerin aşıyı yaptırma nedenleri arasında sırayla bilimsel çalışmalara güvenme, aşı yaptırmanın hastalığa yakalanmaktan çok daha az olumsuz etkisinin olduğunu düşünme, aşının bulaşıcı hastalıklardan etkin bir şekilde koruduğunu düşünme, sağlık çalışanlarına güvenme olduğu bulunmuştur. Bireylerin COVID-19 aşısına yönelik olumlu tutumlarının, sosyodemografik ve COVID-19 aşısına yönelik özellikleri üzerindeki düzeyinin %17,3'ünü açıklamaktadır. Sonuç: Bireylerin, COVID-19 aşısına yönelik olumlu tutuma sahip oldukları ve olumsuz tutumlarının düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Algı ve tutumlar, hem salgını yönetmede hem de salgınla mücadelede başarıya ulaşmada çok değerlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19 aşısı; düşünce; tutum; Türkiye
ABSTRACT
 Objective: It is thought that the coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which affects the whole world, can only be brought under control with an effective and safe vaccination program. Individuals' thoughts and attitudes towards vaccination are important for the success of the vaccination program. This study, it is aimed to examine the thoughts and attitudes of individuals about the COVID-19 vaccine. Material and Methods: The population of the descriptive type of research consisted of individuals over the age of 18 living in Turkey. By using the snowball sampling method, 682 individuals were reached between 15.2.2021 and 15.3.2021. The data were collected using the 'personal information form' and 'Attitudes Towards the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale'. SPSS 24.0 program, t and ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and multiple regression analysis tests were used to evaluate the data. Ethics committee approval was obtained to conduct the study. Results: Individuals' positive attitude mean score towards COVID-19 vaccine was found to be 3.20±1.18, and negative attitude mean score was found to be 3.56±0.88. It has been found that among the reasons for those who want to get the COVID-19 vaccine, trust in scientific studies, thinking that vaccination has a much less negative effect than getting sick, thinking that the vaccine effectively protects from infectious diseases, and trusting health professionals. It explains 17.3% of the level of the positive attitudes of individuals towards the COVID-19 vaccine on the socio-demographic and characteristics of the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: It has been found that individuals have a positive attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine and their negative attitude is low. Perceptions and attitudes are very valuable in both managing the epidemic and achieving success in combating the epidemic

Keywords: COVID-19 aşısı; düşünce; tutum; Türkiye
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