Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bir Kamu Hastanesine Başvuran Kadınların Doğum Eyleminde Doğum Korkusu ve Doğum Ağrısı Düzeyleri ile Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi
Determination of Fear of Labor and Birth Pain Levels and Affecting Factors in Labor of Women Applying to a Public Hospital
Emine YILMAZa, Ganime CAN GÜRb
aBingöl Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği ABD, Bingöl, TÜRKİYE
bPamukkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği ABD, Denizli, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(4):752-9
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-80882
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, gebelerin doğum eyleminde doğum korkusu ve doğum ağrısı düzeylerini ve bunu etkileyen bazı faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırmanın örneklemini, araştırmanın yapıldığı tarihler arasında ilgili birime başvuran, araştırmaya alınma kriterlerini karşılayan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 130 gebe kadın oluşturmuştur. Veriler, 'Gebe Tanılama Formu', 'WIJMA Doğum Beklentisi/Deneyimi Ölçeği A Versiyonu (W-DEQ)' ve 'Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) Ağrı Formu' aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesine yüzdelik, frekans, aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma, Kruskal-Wallis testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, bağımsız gruplarda t-testi ve Pearson korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan kadınların yaş ortalamalarının 27,42±4,19 ve gebelik haftası ortalamalarının 38,48±1,14 olduğu belirlenmiştir. W-DEQ'ya göre çalışma kapsamındaki gebelerin %33,8'inin klinik düzeyde ve %15,4'ünün ise doğuma ilişkin şiddetli korku yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. W-DEQ ve VAS toplam puan ortalamalarının sırasıyla 66,46±28,40 ve 5,82±3,15 olduğu ve aralarında pozitif yönde, yüksek düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (r=0,654, p<0,05). Gebelerin eğitim durumuna ve gebeliğin planlanma durumuna göre W-DEQ ve planlanan doğum şekline, küretajın varlığına ve gebeliğin planlanma durumuna göre VAS toplam puan ortalamaları arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Kadınların doğum korkusunu ve ağrısını azaltmak için gebelik sürecinde doğuma yönelik korkuların sorgulanması ve danışmanlık hizmetleri verilmesi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Gebe; doğum korkusu; doğum ağrısı; kadın
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to determine the labor pain and fear of childbirth during the delivery in pregnant women and the effective factors. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive type research consisted of 130 pregnant women who admitted the relevant units at the time of the study, and met the research inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the research. The data were collected by using the "Pregnant Women Introduction Form", the "Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ)" and the "Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain Form". Percentile, frequency, arithmetic mean and standard deviation, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann- Whitney U test, t-test in independent groups and Pearson correlation test were used for the data evaluation. Results: The mean age of the women involved in the study was 27.42±4.19, and the mean pregnancy week was 38.48±1.14. According to the W-DEQ, 33.8% of the pregnant women included in the study experienced a clinical level and 15.4% experienced a severe fear of childbirth. Their W-DEQ and VAS total mean scores were 66.46±28.40 and 5.82±3.15, respectively, and there was a positive, significant relationship between them (r=0.654, p<0.05). The difference between W-DEQ total mean scores were found to be statistically significant in terms of education status of the pregnant women and planned pregnancy status, while the difference between the VAS total mean scores was statistically significant in terms of mode of delivery, curettage presence and planned pregnancy status (p<0.05). Conclusion: In order to reduce the fear of childbirth and labor pain in women, it may be recommended to question their fears of childbirth during the pregnancy and provide counseling services.

Keywords: Pregnancy; birth fear; labor pain; woman
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