Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Algılanan İş Stresi ve Stresle Başa Çıkma Yolları: Kesitsel Çalışma
Work Stresses of Nurses Working in a Training and Research Hospital and Ways of Coping with Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study
Canan BOZKURT ÖZa, Makbule BATMAZb, Havva GEZGİN YAZICIc
aTunceli Devlet Hastanesi, Tunceli, Türkiye
bHaliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
cKütahya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Kütahya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(2):507-14
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-84915
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerin algılanan iş stresi ve stresle başa çıkma yollarını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte olup, bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde Eylül 2014-Haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Evreni 472 olan araştırmanın örneklemini çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 248 hemşire oluşturdu. Veriler, 'Sosyodemografik Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu', 'Algılanan İş Stresi Ölçeği' ve 'Başa Çıkma Yolları Anketi' kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, sayı, yüzdelik dağılım analizleri, bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin iş stresi puan ortalaması 2,41±0,47 olarak bulundu. Bu stres puanı 'D' düzeyinde olup, sağlık ve verimlilik açısından en elverişli stres düzeyini ifade etmektedir. Yaş gruplarına göre hemşirelerin İş Stresi Ölçeği'nden aldıkları puan ortalamalarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği saptandı (p<0,01). Hemşirelerin başa çıkma yöntemlerinden en fazla; sorun odaklı başa çıkma (37,26±6,55), kendini kontrol etme (32,08±4,98) yöntemlerini kullandığı saptandı. Evli hemşirelerin Başa Çıkma Yolları Anketi'nin sorun odaklı başa çıkma alt boyutundan aldıkları puan ortalamalarının, bekârlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). Eğitim düzeyine göre hemşirelerin Başa Çıkma Yolları Anketi'nin sorun odaklı başa çıkma (p<0,05), duygusal destek arama (p<0,01) ve bilgisel destek arama (p<0,05) alt boyutlarından aldıkları puan ortalamalarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği saptandı. Sonuç: Yaşı 40'ın üzerinde olan hemşirelerin iş stresinin daha düşük olduğu, medeni duruma ve eğitim durumuna göre hemşirelerin farklı başa çıkma yollarını kullandığı saptandı. Ayrıca hemşirelerin iş stresi ile stresle başa çıkma yöntemleri arasında toplam puan üzerinden incelendiğinde; anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı, kullanılan farklı başa çıkma yöntemlerinin kendi arasındaki ilişkinin pozitif yönde, güçlü ve anlamlı olduğu saptandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Stres; stresle başa çıkma; hemşirelerde iş stresi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This research was conducted to determine the perceived work stress of nurses working in a training and research hospital and their ways of coping with stress. Material and Methods: The study is cross-sectional and descriptive and was carried out in a training and research hospital between September 2014 and June 2015. The sample of the study, whose population was 472, consisted of 248 nurses who agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using the 'Sociodemographic Descriptive Information Form', 'the Perceived Job Stress Scale' and 'the Ways of Coping Questionnaire'. Number, percentage distribution analysis, independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to evaluate the data. Results: The mean work stress score of the nurses was 2.41±0.47. This stress score is at 'D' level and represents the most favorable stress level in terms of health and productivity. It was determined that they mostly used problem-focused coping (37.26±6.55) and self-control (32.08±4.98) sub-dimensions of ways of coping with stress. It was determined that the mean scores of married nurses from the problem-focused coping sub-dimension of the ways of coping questionnaire were statistically significantly higher than those of singles (p<0.05). According to the education level, the mean scores of the nurses from the problem-focused coping (p<0.05), seeking emotional support (p<0.01) and seeking informational support (p<0.05) sub-dimensions of the Coping Ways Questionnaire were statistically significant. Conclusion: It was determined that the work stress of the nurses over 40 years old was lower and the nurses used different coping methods according to their marital status and education level. In addition, when the nurses' work stress and methods of coping with stress were examined over the total score, it was determined that there was no significant relationship between the different coping methods used, and a strong and significant positive relationship between them.

Keywords: Stress; coping with stres; job stress among nurses
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