Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bir Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Personel ve Öğrencilerinde Hepatit A, Hepatit B, Hepatit C ve HIV Enfeksiyonu Seroprevalansı
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV in a Dentistry Faculty Staff and Students
Ruhuşen KUTLUa, Emre KORKUTb, Zeynep OLGUNa
aAile Hekimliği ABD, Konya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi,
bPedodonti ABD, Konya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Konya, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2019;25(3):254-62
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2018-63799
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Diş hekimliği fakültesi çalışanları ve öğrencileri tedavi hizmetlerini yürütürken tükürük ve kan gibi vücut sıvıları ile doğrudan temas ettiklerinden, diğer meslek gruplarına göre daha fazla enfeksiyon riski altındadırlar. Bu çalışmada, bir diş hekimliği fakültesi personeli ve öğrencilerinde hepatit A, hepatit B, hepatit C ve insan immün yetmezlik virüsü (HIV) seroprevalansının saptanması amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırmaya, diş hekimliği fakültesindeki 98 personel (öğretim elemanı, teknisyen ve personel) ve 146 birinci sınıf öğrencisi olmak üzere toplam 244 kişi dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışma verileri retrospektif olarak personel ve öğrencilere ait dosyaların incelenmesi ile elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların hepatit-A antikoru (anti-HAV IgG), hepatit B yüzey antijeni (HBsAg), hepatit B yüzey antikoru (anti- HBs), hepatit C antikoru (anti-HCV), HIV antikoru (anti-HIV) sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm veriler istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılanların %64,3 (n=157)'ü kadın, %35,7 (n=87)'si erkek olup, yaş ortalaması 24,6±7,7 yıl idi. Çalışmaya katılanların bağışıklık durumları incelendiğinde; %100'ü HBsAg ve anti-HIV açısından seronegatif, %88,9'unda anti-HBs seropozitif, %41,4'ünde anti- HAV IgG seropozitif, %99,2'sinde anti-HCV seronegatif idi. Ailenin ekonomik durumu iyi olanlar ile anne ve baba eğitim durumu yüksek olanlarda anti-HAV seropozitifliği daha düşük bulundu. Diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinde Hepatit A seronegatifliği diğer personel gruplarına göre daha yüksek saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, HBsAg tüm katılımcılarda negatif bulundu; anti-HBs seropozitifliği %88,9, anti-HAV IgG seropozitifliği %41,4 olarak bulundu. Enfeksiyonlarla mücadelede; hepatit B ve hepatit A'ya karşı bağışıklama, bireylerin aralıklı olarak seropozitiflik açısından taranması, güvenli tıbbi malzemelerin kullanılması ve meslek içi eğitimler en basit ve önemli yaklaşımlardır. Bu meslek grubunda bulunanlardan hepatit A ve B seronegatif olan bireylerin aşılanmaları mesleki risklerden korunma açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hepatit A; hepatit B; hepatit C; HIV; diş hekimliği
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Faculty of dentistry staff and students are more at risk of infection than other Professional groups because they direct contact with body fluids such as saliva and blood while conducting treatment services. In this study, it was aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in dentistry faculty staff and students. Material and Methods: A total of 244 person, 98 dentistry faculty staff (academician, technician and staff) and 146 student in first class was included in this descriptive study. Study data were obtained retrospectively from the examination of staff and student's files. Participants were evaluated for hepatitis-A antibody (anti-HAV IgG), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV) and HIV antibody (anti-HIV). All obtained data were evaluated statistically. Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.6±7.7 years and 64.3% women (n=157), 35.7% (n=87) men. When the immune status of those participating in the study is examined; 100% were seronegative for HBsAg and anti-HIV, 88.9% were anti-HBs seropositive, 41.4% were seropositive for anti-HAV IgG and 99.2% were anti-HCV seronegative. Anti-HAV seropositivity was found to be lower in those who had good economic status and had high parental education status. Hepatitis A seronegativity was higher in dental students than in other staff groups. Conclusion: In our study, HBsAg was found to be negative in all participants, anti-HBs seropositivity was 88.9% and anti-HAV IgG seropositivity was 41.4%. In combating of the infections; immunization against hepatitis B and hepatitis A, intermittent screening of individuals for seropositivity, in-service training and the use of safe medical supplies are the most basic and reliable approaches. Vaccination of hepatitis A and B seronegative subjects in this occupational group is important to prevent occupational risks.

Keywords: Hepatitis A; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; HIV; dentistry
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