Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: REVIEW
Behçet Hastalığı ile İlgili İsim Tartışmaları
Disagreements on the Nomination of the Behçet's Disease: Review
Gülay SATARa, Funda Gülay KADIOĞLUb
aDeri ve Zührevi Hastalıklar Kliniği, Adana Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
bTıp Tarihi ve Etik AD, Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adana
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2014;22(1):23-32
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Farklı organlardaki semptomlarla karakterize bir tablo olan Behçet Hastalığı'nın tanımlanması Hulusi Behçet'in 1937-1943 yılları arasında yürüttüğü çalışmalarla gerçekleşmiştir. Hipokrat ve sonrasındaki tıp otörleri bu hastalıktan klinik tablo olarak söz etmiş ancak onu özel bir hastalık olarak tanımlamamıştır. Hastalarına daima bütüncül bir bakış açısı ile yaklaşan Hulusi Behçet'in, ilk vakalarında tarif ettiği ve merkeze aldığı ''ağız aftları'' ve ''genital ülserasyonlar'' halen geçerli olan uluslararası Behçet Hastalığı kriterlerinin olmazsa olmazıdır. Göz bulguları hastaların %50'sinde var iken, deri ve mukoza ülserasyonlarının varlığı hastaların %100'ünde beklenen bulgulardır. ''Behçet Hastalığı'' adlandırması 1947 yılında Cenevre'de toplanan uluslararası dermatoloji kongresinde onaylanmış ve birçok ülkenin dermatologu tarafından yaygın biçimde kullanılagelmiştir. Ancak yine de bu hastalığın adı halen kimi tartışmalara konu olmaktadır. Farklı otörler 1960'lardan beri Behçet Hastalığı için değişik adlar önermekte olup bunların sınırlı da olsa benimsenmesi hastalıkla ilgili literatürde karmaşaya yol açmaktadır. Behçet Hastalığı'nın adını değiştirmeye yönelik girişimler birkaç on yıldan beri yavaş fakat kararlı bir şekilde devam etmektedir. Özellikle Yunan kökenli bilim adamları hastalığın isminde Yunan göz hekimi Adamantiades'i zikretme yaklaşımını gündeme getirmiştir. Bu konudaki ısrarlı çabalar meyvelerini vermeye başlamış; Dermatology in General Medicine'ın 2008 baskısında hastalığın adı Adamantiades-Behçet olarak yer almıştır. Hastalığın adını değiştirmeye yönelik çabalar bununla da sınırlı kalmamış; 1999 yılından ve daha çok Japonya'da Behçet hastaları için 2000 yılında yapılan birinci uluslararası kongreden sonra ''Silk Road Disease'' (İpek Yolu Hastalığı) şeklindeki isimlendirme de yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. İsim ile ilgili yapılmaya çalışılan bu değişiklikler, bir yandan hastalığın isim babasına gereken hürmetin gösterilmemesi sorununa neden olmakta; öte yandan yıllardır dünyanın her tarafından bu alana yaptıkları çalışmalarla katkı sağlayan bilim çevrelerinde kafa karışıklığı yaratmaktadır. Bu makale çerçevesinde ad değişikliğine yönelik çabaların tanıtımı yapılmış ve Behçet Hastalığı ismini korumanın Türk tıbbı için önemli bir prestij sorunu olduğu görüşü işlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Behçet Sendromu; gözden geçirme
ABSTRACT
The description of Behçet's Disease which is characterized by the symptoms of different organ systems has been done by Hulusi Behçet as the result of his meticulous studies between 1937 and 1943. Hippocrates and some authors after him had discussed this clinical entity but not coined a specific name for it. Oral aphthous ulcers and genital ulcerations are still valid international essential criteria of Behçet Disease which were described and put center from a holistic point of view by Hulusi Behçet in his own previous cases. While the eye symptoms are seen in 50% of the patients, the presence of cutaneous and mucosal ulcerations is inevitably in 100%. Behçet's Disease nomination has been approved in an international dermatology congress held in Geneva in 1947 and it has been currently used by dermatologists from different countries. However this eponym is still an issue of debate. Since 1960 different authors have suggested several different names for Behçet's Disease, in spite of their limited acceptance, these suggestions had caused confusion in the related literature. For few decades manipulating Behçet's Disease nomination is going on insistently. Particularly Greek scientists bring on mentioning the name of the Greek ophthalmologist Adamantiades in the denomination. In this regard insistent struggles begin to fructify; the name of the disease appear in 2008 edition of Dermatology in General Medicine as Adamantiades-Behçet Disease. Attempts on changing the name of the disease are not limited by that; since 1999 mostly after the congress was held in Japan for Behçet patients in 2000, the name of "Silk Road Disease" is also begin to become prevalent. Attempts for changing the name of the disease give rise to a challenge on disrespectful behavior towards the father of name, on the other hand, cause confusion among the scientists who contribute this field for years all over the world. In this article, we have presented the attempts for changing the name of Behçet's Disease and emphasized the importance of keeping the name of Behçet's Disease as a matter of prestige for the Turkish medical community.

Keywords: Behcet Syndrome; review

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