Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: REVIEW
Bakım Verici Stresi ve Reiki Enerji Terapisi
Caregiver Stress and Reiki Energy Therapy
Ulviye ÖZCAN YÜCEa, Sultan TAŞCIb
aOsmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Osmaniye, TÜRKİYE
bErciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Kayseri, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(1):158-65
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-71077
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 İnformal bakım verenler, formal bakım verenlerin aksine çoğunlukla aile üyelerinden olup; ileri yaş, demans, kanser gibi kronik bir hastalık nedeniyle bakıma ihtiyaç duyan bireylere herhangi bir karşılık beklemeksizin bakım sağlamaktadırlar. Bu deneyim; bakım verenler tarafından zamanla kronik bir stres etkeni olarak algılanmakta ve genellikle günlük yaşamları ve sağlıkları üzerinde olumsuz psikolojik, davranışsal ve fizyolojik etkiler yaşamalarına neden olabilmektedir. Literatürde, artmış psikolojik stres düzeyinin, hızlanmış hücresel ve organik yaşlanmanın göstergeleri ile ilişkili olduğu, solunum yolları hastalıklarının görülme sıklığını artırdığı, koroner arter hastalıkların bakım verme süresiyle arttığı, hücresel değişikliklerle kansere yatkınlığı sıklaştırdığı, depresyon, anksiyete ve uyku bozukluğunu içeren farklı psikolojik tepkilere yol açtığını bildiren birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bunun yanında, çalışmalarda bakım verenlerde stres düzeyinin artmasının bakımın kalitesi ve hastanın yaşam kalitesi ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu nedenle, kronik hastalıklı birey ile birlikte bakım verenin de fiziksel, sosyal ve emosyonel durumunun değerlendirilmesi ve bakım verici stresinin erken aşamalarda tanılanması hem hasta bireyin hem de bakım verenin biyopsikososyal sağlığının yükseltilmesini ve beklenen bakım sonuçlarının elde edilmesini sağlayacaktır. Reiki enerji terapisi, sağlık açısından risksiz, maliyet gerektirmeyen, uygulaması kolay, anksiyete ve stresi azaltmanın da dâhil olduğu birçok alanda iyilik hâlini yükselten etkilere sahip tamamlayıcı ve bütünleşik (integratif) bir uygulamadır. Bakım verici stresini azaltmada reiki enerji terapisinin uygulanması ile ilgili bu derlemenin, literatürde yer alan bilgileri paylaşarak kronik hastalığı olan bireye bakım verenlere ve hemşirelik mesleği profesyonellerine rehberlik etmesi beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bakım verme; stres; reiki
ABSTRACT
 Informal caregivers, unlike formal caregivers, are mostly family members and provide care for individuals who need care because of a chronic illness such as advanced age, dementia and cancer. This experience is perceived by caregivers as a chronic stressor over time and can often lead to negative psychological, behavioral and physiological effects on their daily lives and health. In the literature, increased psychological stress level is associated with the indicators of accelerated cellular and organic aging, increases the incidence of respiratory diseases, increases coronary artery diseases with caregiving period, increases the susceptibility to cancer with cellular changes, leads to different psychological reactions including depression, anxiety and sleep disorder. There are many studies reporting. In addition, it is reported that the increase in stress level in caregivers is directly related to the quality of care and the quality of life of the patient. However, evaluating the physical, social and emotional status of the caregiver together with the chronic diseased person and diagnosing caregiver stress in the early stages will increase both the biopsychosocial health of the patient and the caregiver and achieve the expected care results. Reiki energy therapy is a complementary and integrative application that is health-free, cost-effective, easy to apply, and has good effects in many areas, including anxiety and stress reduction. This review of reiki energy therapy in reducing caregiver stress is expected to guide caregivers and nursing professionals by sharing information in the literature.

Keywords: Caregivers; stress; reiki
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