Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Asteraceae Familyası Bitkileri ile Görülen Alerjik Kontakt Dermatit
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Caused by Asteraceae Family Plants
Nurgün KÜÇÜKBOYACIa, Duygu ŞAHANa
aGazi Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmakognozi ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
J Lit Pharm Sci. 2020;9(1):1-10
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2019-66397
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Bitkilerde bulunan pek çok bileşik vücutta hapten rolü oynayarak bazı alerjik reaksiyonlara yol açmaktadır. Haptenler tek başına antijenik özellikte olmayıp, vücuttaki çeşitli biyolojik yapılara bağlanarak antijenik özellik kazanırlar. Bu bileşiklerden seskiterpen lakton (SL)'lar, birçok familyada bulunmakla birlikte, en çok Asteraceae familyası bitkilerinde dağılım göstermektedir. Asteraceae, dünya üzerinde geniş yayılım gösteren zengin kimyasal bileşimi nedeni ile çok sayıda tıbbi bitkinin yer aldığı büyük bir familyadır. Asteraceae bitkilerine hassasiyeti bulunan kişiler el, yüz, kol ve vücutta yaygın dermatit, göz ve kafa derisinde erüpsiyon, kaşıntı, ödem ve dudak şişliği şikâyetlerinden bir veya birkaçı ile karakterize alerjik kontakt dermatit (AKD) reaksiyonları nedeni ile hastaneye başvurmuşlardır. Asteraceae hassasiyeti, yapılan yama testi ile ortaya çıkarılmıştır. AKD reaksiyonları, alerjen ile ilk temasta ortaya çıkmayan, daha önceden duyarlılık gerektiren gecikmiş tip (tip Ⅳ) reaksiyonlardır. Asteraceae bitkilerine hassasiyeti bulunan kişilerde SL'ler hapten rol oynayarak AKD reaksiyonlarını başlatırlar. Bu çalışmada, Asteraceae bitkilerine doğrudan temas yoluyla, bu bitkileri ihtiva eden kozmetik ürünlerin kullanımı, tıbbi bitkisel çay hâlinde tüketimi veya topikal olarak kullanıma bağlı olarak meydana gelen alerjik kontakt dermatit vakalarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, SL'lerin hepsi AKD reaksiyonlarını başlatmamakla birlikte, yalnızca alerjen olarak tanımlanan SL'lerle bu reaksiyonlar meydana gelmektedir. SL'lerin sebep olduğu AKD'nin meydana gelme sıklığı ve her bir bileşen ile oluşan patogenezin değerlendirileceği ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Asteraceae; seskiterpen lakton; alerjik kontakt dermatit; hassasiyet
ABSTRACT
 Many compounds found in plants cause some allergic reactions by pretending as a hapten in the body. Haptens are non-antigenic and bind to various biological structures in the body to gain antigenic properties. From these compunds, sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are found in many plant families but are mostly distributed in the Asteraceae family. Asteraceae is a large family with numerous of medicinal plants due to its rich chemical composition. Patients who are sensitive to Asteraceae family have gone to the hospital due to allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) reactions characterized by one or more symptoms with widespread dermatitis in the hand, face, arms and body, eruption, edema and lip swelling of the eyes and scalp. Asteraceae sensitivity was determined by patch test. ACD reactions are delayed type (type Ⅳ) reactions that do not occur in the first contact with allergen. Reactions to Asteraceae plants in hypersensitive patients, SLs play the role of hapten and initiate ACD reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the cases of allergic contact dermatitis caused by direct contact with Asteraceae plants, the use of cosmetic products containing these plants, their consumption as medicinal herbal tea or topical use. In conclusion, although not all of the SLs initiate ACD reactions, these reactions occur only with SLs defined as allergen. Further studies are needed to evaluate the incidence of ACD caused by SLs and to evaluate the pathogenesis of each component.

Keywords: Asteraceae; sesquiterpene lactone; allergic contact dermatitis; hypersensitive
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