Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Asemptomatik ve Semptomatik Hastalarda COVID-19 Prevalansı: 3. Basamak Bir Pandemi Hastanesinin Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Kliniği Verileri: Kesitsel Araştırma
COVID-19 Prevalence in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients: Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic Data of a Tertiary Pandemic Hospital: Cross-Sectional Research
Murat GÖZÜKÜÇÜKa, Münire Sena KAYAa, Yusuf ÜSTÜNa
aSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Bölümü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2021;41(4):384-9
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2021-84587
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)], kısa sürede tüm dünyayı kökten etkilemiştir. Bu hastalık, sadece medikal değil sosyal açıdan da büyük bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Hastalığın bulaşmasının önlenmesi amaçlı temel yönetim şekilleri, tüm dünyada hastalıkla savaşta en etkili yol olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; kliniğimize başvuran, yatırılarak tetkik ve tedavisi yapılan hastalarda semptomatik ve asemptomatik şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs-2 [severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)] enfeksiyon oranlarını araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Nisan 2020-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde yatırılarak tetkik ve tedavisi yapılan hastalardan SARSCoV-2 revers transkripsiyon-polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu [reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)] testi ile tarananlar çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Hastaların test sonuçları, yaşları, hastaneye yatış nedenleri, semptomları, gebelik ve yenidoğan sonuçları kaydedildi. SARS-CoV-2 pozitifliği olan hastaların tedavisi de bildirildi. Semptomatik ve asemptomatik hastalardaki SARS-CoV-2 pozitifliği oranları saptandı. Bulgular: Bu dönemde yatan toplam 2.447 hastanın 849'una (%34,7) SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testi yapıldı. Semptomatik olduğu için test yapılan 191 hastanın 10'unda (%5,2) SARS-CoV-2 tespit edilirken, asemptomatik olan 658 hastanın sadece 8'inde (%1,2) pozitif tarama sonucuna ulaşıldı. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen hastaların yaş ortalaması 38 (20-83) şeklindeydi. En az bir semptomu olan ve SARSCoV-2 pozitif olduğu tespit edilen hastaların büyük çoğunluğunun doğum yapanlar olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Aslında SARS-CoV-2 taramasında en doğru yöntem, her bir kişiyi her gün test etmektir. Bu uygulanabilir olmadığından evrensel taramanın faydaları maliyet-etkin konularla dengelenmeli ve her bir ülke, şehir ve hatta hastane kendine has algoritmasını oluşturmalı, eğer mümkünse her hastanın hastaneye kabulünden önce tarama yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; asemptomatik hastalık
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has radically affected the whole world in a short time and continues to be a major problem not only in terms of medicine but also socially. The basic management methods aimed at preventing the transmission of the disease are accepted as the most effective way to fight the disease all over the world. In this study, we aimed to investigate symptomatic and asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates in patients who were admitted to our clinic and underwent examination and treatment. Material and Methods: Patients hospitalized in our clinic between April 2020 and April 2021 and screened with the SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test were included in the study. Test results, ages, reasons for hospitalization, symptoms, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of the patients were recorded. Treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 positivity was also reported. SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates were determined in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Results: SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test was performed in 849 (34.7%) of 2,447 hospitalized patients during this period. While SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 10 (5.2%) of 191 patients who were tested for being symptomatic, only 8 (1.2%) of 658 patients who were asymptomatic had positive screening results. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 38 (20-83). It was found that the vast majority of patients who had at least one symptom and were found to be positive for SARSCoV-2 were those who gave birth. Conclusion: In fact, the most accurate method in SARS-CoV-2 screening is to test each person every day. As this is not feasible, the benefits of universal screening must be balanced against cost-effective issues and each country, city, and even hospital must establish its own algorithm and if possible, screening should be performed before each patient is admitted to the hospital.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; asymptomatic diseases
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30.03.2014

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