Ağız içerisinde demineralizasyon ve remineralizasyon belirli bir denge hâlindedir ve bu dengenin demineralizasyon lehine bozulması çürük oluşumunu başlatmaktadır. Günümüz diş hekimliği uygulamalarında kavitasyon oluşmuş veya ağrı ya da hassasiyet gibi belirtiler gösteren dişlerin restorasyonları büyük yer tutmaktadır. Birçok hasta çürük uzaklaştırma işlemlerinden hoşnut olmadıklarını düşünmektedir. Diş hekimliği materyalleri ve anestezide olan gelişmelere rağmen, diş hekimliği tedavilerinde birçok kişi hâlâ ağrı çekmektedir. Çoğu zaman, bu endişe ağrı/rahatsızlık, lokal anestezi ve çürük uzaklaştırma işlemleri sırasında frezlerin kullanılmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Dentin çürüklerinin frezlerle uzaklaştırılması; basınç, termal hasar ve titreşime bağlı olarak pulpa için travmatik olabilmektedir. Üstelik düşük ve yüksek hızda çalışan el aletleri enfekte ve enfekte olmayan dentini eşit bir şekilde uzaklaştırmakta, sağlıklı diş dokusunun aşırı kaybıyla sonuçlanmaktadır. Frezler ve lokal anesteziklerin eksiklikleri sebebiyle daha konforlu ve sağlıklı diş dokularını koruyan alternatif teknikler geliştirmek konusunda artan bir ilgi bulunmaktadır. Bu tekniklerin amacı; sadece yüksek enfeksiyon derecesine sahip tabakayı (enfekte dentin) uzaklaştırmak, yeniden remineralize olma yeteneğine sahip dokuları içeren daha düşük enfeksiyon derecesine sahip (etkilenmiş dentin) tabakayı korumaktır. Çürük tedavilerinde minimal invaziv tekniklerin hastalar tarafından kabul edilmesi ayrıca önemlidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Minimal invaziv teknikler; çürük uzaklaştırma; alternatif yöntemler
Demineralization and remineralization in the mouth is in equilibrium and deterioration of balance in favor of demineralization initiates the formation of caries. A large portion of today's dental practices constitute the restoration of the teeth that cavitated or showing symptoms such as pain and sensitivity. Many patients consider caries removal to be very unpleasant. In spite of developments in dental materials and anaesthesia, many people are still apprehensive of pain during dental treatment. Often, this apprehension is due to pain/discomfort, local anaesthesia and the use of the drill during caries removal. Dentin caries removal with the drill may be traumatic to the pulp due to pressure, thermal damage and vibration. Moreover, a drill on a high or low speed hand-piece equally removes infected and uninfected dentin, resulting in excessive loss of healthy tooth structure. Due to the shortcomings of the drill and local anaesthesia, there has been a growing interest in developing alternative techniques, which are more comfortable and preserve healthy dental tissues. The aim of these techniques became to remove only the layer with a high level of infection (infected dentin), preserving the layer with a low level of infection (affected dentin), which consists of tissues able to remineralize. It is also important to evaluate minimally invasive techniques for caries treatment, which are more acceptable to patients.
Keywords: Minimally invasive techniques; caries removal; alternative methods
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