Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Cardiology

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Akut Miyokard İnfarktüsünün Erken Tanısında Serum Miyoglobin Artışının Tanı Değeri ve Kreatin Kinaz, Laktad Dehidrogenaz ve İzoenzimleri ile Karşılaştırılması
Akut Miyokard İnfarktüsünün Erken Tanısında Serum Miyoglobin Artışının Tanı Değeri ve Kreatin Kinaz, Laktad Dehidrogenaz ve İzoenzimleri ile Karşılaştırılması
Mahmut ŞAHİN*, İbrahim PİRİM**, Yaşar Nuri ŞAHİN**, Sebahattin ATEŞAL*, Necip ALP*
Atatürk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi *Kardiyoloji ve **Biyokimya AD, ERZURUM
Turkiye Klinikleri J Cardiol. 1994;7(4):195-9
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Akut miyokard Infarktüsü (AMI) kardiyovasküler morbidlte ve ölümün en önemli sebeplerinden biridir. AMTne bağlı ölümlerin yarısından fazlası ilk 2 saat içinde oluştuğu İçin erken tanı ve doğru tedavi morbidite ve ölüm oranlarını azaltabilir. Bu amaçla, EKG ile birlikte serumda kreatin kinaz-MB izoenziminin seri ölçümü en yararlı laboratuar testi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Serum miyoglobin (MG) konsantrasyonlarında artışın AMInün erken ve duyarlı bir göstergesi olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Serum MG seviyeleri infarktüs sonrası 1 saat içinde normal sınırların üstüne çıkmakta ve 4 ile 12 saatte doruk düzeylerde ulaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı AMInün erken tanısında serum MG artışının tanı değerini incelemek ve kreatin kinaz (CK), laktad dehîdrogenaz (LDH) ve izoenzimleri (CKMB, LDH-1) ile karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmaya AMIlü 23 hasta alındı. Hastalar reperfüzyon sağlananlar (grup I, 7 hasta) ve trombolizis yapılmayanlar veya başarısız olanlar (grup II, 17 hasta) olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Reperfüzyon kararı klinik ve EKG bulgularında düzelmeye göre verildi. Serum MG ölçümü Rapi-Tex miyoglobin metodu (Behring Diagnostics) ile semikantitatif olarak, CK, CK-MB, LDH ve LDH-1 düzeyleri de enzimatik metodla yapıldı. Serum MG artışları CK ve CK-MBden 6 saat daha erken ortaya çıktı. Serum CK ve CK-MB konsantrasyonları ile serum MG pozitifliği arasında 6. saatten sonra anlamlı pozitif korelasyon saptandı. Miyokard infarktüsünün 6. saatinde bakılan 13 hastanın hepsinin de serum MG aglütinasyonu pozitifti ve grup lldekl hastalarda 24 saat boyunca pozitif kaldı. Serum MGİ 3. saatten itibaren bütün hastalarda pozitif bulundu ve grup ldeki hastalarda 12. saatten sonra negatifleşmeye başladı. Buna karşılık, serum CK ve CK-MB düzeyleri 6-12, saatlerde anlamlı artışlar gösterdi ve grup ldeki hastalarda 18. saatten sonra düşmeye başladı. Bu çalışmada, serum MG seviyelerinin AMTnün erken saatlerinde yükseldiği, latex aglütinasyon metodu ile serum MG ölçümlerinin AMInün erken tanısında yararlı olduğu, uygulama kolaylığı ve çabuk sonuç vermesi nedeniyle, özellikle acil servislerde AMInün erken tanısında yararlı bir test olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Serum miyoglobin, Akut miyokard infarktüsü
ABSTRACT
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. More than 50% of deaths associated with AMI occur within the first 2 hours after the onset of symptoms. Therefore early detection and accurate treatment of AMI may reduce the incidence of morbidity and death. The measurement of serial creatin kinase-MB in serum together with ECG remains the gold standard clinical laboratory test. It was suggested that serum myoglobin (MG) could be an early and sensitive marker of myocardial damage. Serum concentrations of MG begin to increase above the normal range as early as 1 hour after AMI with a peak activity between 4t h and 12th hours, suggesting that serum MG reflects the early course of myocardial necrosis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the value of serum MG increase in early diagnosis of AMI and to compare with creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and isoenzymes (CK-MB, LDH-1). Twenty-three consecutive patients with AMI were included in the study. The patients were divided into reperfused (Group I, n=6) and non-reperfused or non-thrombolysed groups (Group II, n=17) on the basis of ECG criteria and clinical signs. Serum MG levels were measured by Rapi-Tex latex myoglobin method (Behring Diagnostics); serum CK, CK-MB, LDH and LDH-1 levels with enzymatic method. We found positive correlation between serum MG positivity and serum CK concentartions. The correlation was also significant between serum CK-MB and serum MG. However, serum MG rised 6 hours earlier than CK and CK-MB. All of the 13 patients had positive serum MG agglutination at 6t h hour of AMI and remained positive in group II during 24 hours after the AMI. Serum MG levels were significantly elevated in all patients at 3 r d hour after Ml and rapidly decreased in 12 hours in group I, whereas serum CK and CK-MB levels were significantly high between 6t h to 12th hour after the necrosis and decreased in 18 hours in group I. The results of the study showed that serum MG levels did increase during the early hours following AMI. This study suggested that measurement of serum MG by a latex agglutination method could be useful for early diagnosis of AMI. Because of its simplicity, rapidity and practicability, the test is especially convenient for use in emergency room.

Keywords: Serum myoglobin, Acute myocardial infarction

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