Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

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Aile Sağlığı Merkezi Hekimlerinin Ulusal Yenidoğan İşitme Tarama Programı Hakkındaki Farkındalık Düzeylerinin Araştırılması
The Research of the Primary Care Clinic Doctors' Awareness Levels About the National Hearing Screening Program
Oğuz YILMAZa, Handan TURAN DİZDARb, Büşra Nur ESERa, Büşranur TAŞÇIc, Öyküm Esra AŞKINd , Mustafa Bülent ŞERBETÇİOĞLUa
aİstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
bBiruni Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
cAtaşehir Florence Nightingale Hastanesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
dYıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, İstatistik Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(2):281-90
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-75849
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Ulusal Yenidoğan İşitme Tarama Programı (UYİTP)nın sağlık sistemine entegrasyonu, hasta takiplerinin yapılabilmesi, ailelerin bilgilendirilmesi ve işitme kayıplı bebeklerin, uygun merkezlere sevklerinin sağlanması konusunda aile sağlığı merkezleri (ASM) anahtar pozisyondadır. Programın, amacına uygun ve en verimli şekilde yürütülebilmesi için burada çalışan doktorların UYİTP hakkında bilgi ve ilgi seviyeleri kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu merkezlerde çalışan doktorların UYİTP hakkındaki bilgileri, farkındalıkları ve konuyla ilgilenme seviyeleri hakkında bilgilerimiz sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, aile hekimlerinin UYİTP hakkında bilgi ve farkındalık seviyelerini tespit ederek, ihtiyaç duyulan alanlarda nasıl bilgilendirme yapılması gerektiğine dair veri toplamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Birinci basamak hekimler için 29 sorudan oluşan bir anket oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmaya, İstanbul ilindeki değişik ilçelerde ASM'lerde çalışan 129 hekim katılmıştır. Bu anket kapsamında UYİTP'nin amacı, işleyişi, kullanılan testler ve tedavi yöntemleri hakkında hekimlerin bilgi seviyelerinin ölçülmesi planlanmış ve UYİTP ile ilgili bilgilendirilmek isteyip istemedikleri sorgulanmıştır. Ayrıca UYİTP ile ilgili bilgilerin ailelere doğru şekilde aktarılabilmesi maksadıyla nasıl bir yöntem uygulanması gerektiği de değerlendirilmiş, alternatifler önerilmiştir. Yapılan istatistiksel testlerde anlamlılık seviyesi %5 (0,05) olarak alınmıştır. Bulgular: Yaptığımız çalışmada katılımcıların UYİTP hakkında genel bilgi seviyesinin düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre katılan hekimlerin %71,3 (92)'ü UYİTP hakkında, %76 (98)'sı test yöntemleri hakkında, %69 (89)'u işitme kayıplı bir çocuğun ailesinin bilgilendirilmesi ve yönlendirilmesi hakkında eğitim almak istediğini belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların %25,6 (33)'sı kendilerini değerlendirdiklerinde bilgilerinin yetersiz olduğunu belirtirken, %23,3 (30)'ü bilgilerini yeterli bulduğunu belirtmiştir. Bu 2 grup kendi arasında, tanı basamaklarını içeren sorulara (Soru 11, Soru 12, Soru 13, Soru 16) verdikleri cevaplara bakılarak kıyaslandığında, kendini yeterli görenler ve görmeyenler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p=0,180, p=0,360, p=0,08, p=0,115). Sonuç: UYİTP alanında bir ekip anlayışı ile çalışılması gerekliliği ve ekip içerisinde yer alan tüm birimlerin, bilgi seviyelerinin en üst düzeye çekilmesinin önemi ortadadır. Buna bağlı olarak UYİTP'nin daha etkin ve verimli olabilmesi açısından çeşitli kanallar aracılığıyla bilgilendirme faaliyetlerinin yapılması ve artırılmasının uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Doktorlar, birinci basamak; aile hekimliği; aile sağlığı; işitme kaybı; yenidoğan işitme taraması
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Primary health care centers are in a central position to integrate National Neonatal Hearing Screening Program (NNHSP) into the health system. Physicians provide patient follow-up, inform families, and refer infants with hearing loss to the appropriate centers. We have minimal information about the knowledge, awareness, and interest levels of the physicians. This study aims to determine the knowledge and awareness levels of family physicians about NNHSP and to collect data on how to inform them in the areas needed. Material and Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 29 questions was prepared for primary care physicians. 129 physicians working in Primary Health Care Centers in different districts participated in the study. During this study, the physicians' knowledge levels about the objective, functioning, tests and treatment methods of the NNHSP were measured. In addition, possible methods regarding informing the families about NNHSP correctly has been proposed. The significance level used in the statistical tests was of 5% (0.05). Results: Our study found that the general level of knowledge of the participants about NNHSP was low. According to the results of the survey, 71.3% of the attending physicians (92 of them) wanted to be informed about NNHSP, 76% (98 of them) wanted to be informed about the test methods, while 69% (89 of them) wanted to be informed about the hearing impaired children and the orientation process. While 25.6% (33) of the participants stated that their knowledge was insufficient when they evaluated themselves, 23.3% (30) stated that they found their knowledge sufficient. When these two groups were compared by looking at their answers to the questions (questions 11, questions 12, questions 13, questions 16) including the diagnostic steps, no statistically significant difference was found between those who felt competent and those who did not (p=0.180, p=0.360, p=0.08, p=0.115). Conclusion: The necessity of working with a team spirit in NNHSP and the importance of maximizing the units' knowledge levels are obvious. Accordingly, it is considered appropriate to carry out and increase information activities through various channels for the UYITP to be more productive and efficient.

Keywords: hysicians, primary care; family practice; family health; hearingloss; neonatal hearingscreening program
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