Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Ağartma Yapılmış Diş Yüzeylerine Uygulanan Farklı Yüzey Tedavilerinin Tekrar Renklenmeye ve Çürük Yapıcı Mikroorganizmaların Tutunmasına Etkilerinin İn Vitro İncelenmesi
In Vitro Evaluation of the Effects on Recoloring and Retetion of Carious Microorganisms of Different Surface Treatments Applied to Bleached Enamel
Tandoğan MANGALa, Hülya ERTENa, Hanife ALTINIŞIKa, Gülçin AKÇAb, İrem ÇELİKb
aGazi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Restoratif Diş Tedavisi ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bGazi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2020;26(3):450-61
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2019-70744
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ağartma tedavisinin hemen ardından mine yüzeyine topikal olarak uygulanan bazı yüzey tedavilerinin, yeniden renklenmeyi ve bazı karyojenik mikroorganizmaların mine yüzeyine tutunmasını engelleyici etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada; çürük, mine çatlağı, restorasyon ya da kron harabiyeti olmayan 164 adet maksiller keser insan dişi kullanıldı. Örnekler, 2 gruba ayrıldı; renk değişikliği (n=80) ve bakteri tutunması (n=84). Ağartma, 30 dk boyunca %35'lik hidrojen peroksit ağartma jeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Yüzey tedavilerinde kazein fosfopeptid-amorf kalsiyum fosfat [casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP)], CPP-amorf kalsiyum fosfat florür [amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (ACPF)], NaF, %1,23 asitlenmiş fosfat florür [acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)], %8 arjinin ve kalsiyum karbonat profilaksi patı kullanıldı. Yüzey işlemlerinden sonra örnekler, gıda boyalarına maruz bırakıldı. Renk ölçümleri için spektrofotometre kullanıldı. Mikroorganizma tutunma deneyinin alt grubundaki örneklere, Streptococcus mutans ve Lactobacillus acidophilus ekimi yapıldı. Daha sonra örnekler gram boyası ile boyanarak, ışık mikroskobuyla X1.000 büyütmede her örneğin farklı 10 sahasında hücre sayımı yapılarak, bu sayıların ortalamaları kaydedildi. Elde edilen veriler Mann-Whitney U testi, varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey testi ile istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: CPP-ACPF ve APF, yeniden renklenmenin önlenmesinde en etkili; APF, S. mutans'ların tutunmasının önlenmesinde en etkiliydi ve tüm yüzey tedavileri L. acidophilus'un tutunmasının önlenmesinde farklı derecelerde etkiliydi. Sonuç: Ağartma işleminden hemen sonra uygulanan yüzey tedavileri, yeniden renklenmenin ve S. mutans ile L. acidophilus'un tutunmasının önlenmesinde etkilidir. Bu etki, florid iyonlarının konsantrasyonu ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Florür iyonları veya kalsiyum-fosfat eksikliği etkinliği önemli ölçüde azaltır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ağartma; remineralizasyon; yüzey tedavileri
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of some topical surface treatments applied to the enamel surface immediately after bleaching treatment, preventing recoloring and some cariogenic microorganisms from adhering to the enamel surface. Material and Methods: A total of 164 incisor human teeth with no caries, crown destruction, enamel crack or restora¬tion were used in this study. Samples were divided into 2 groups; discoloration (n=80) and adhesion (n=84). Bleaching was performed by using 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel for 30 min. under plasma arc light activation. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), CPP-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (ACPF), NaF, 1,23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), 8% arginine and calcium carbonate prophylaxy paste were used for surface treatments. After surface treatments, samples were exposed to food colorants. Spectrophotometer used for color measurement. In adhesion groups, S. mutans and L. acidophilus were inoculated on all of the samples. After incubation, samples were gram stained and examined using microscope under X1.000 magnification. At least 10 areas were counted in all samples and mean values were recorded. The data was analyzed statistically with Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test. Results: CPP-ACPF and APF were most effective in preventing discoloration, APF was most effective in preventing adhesion S. mutans, and all surface treatments were effective, variously, in preventing L. acidophilus. Conclusion: Surface treatments that applied immediately after bleaching are effective in prevention of discoloration and the adhesion of S. mutans or L. acidophilus. Efficiency is directly related with the concentration of fluoride ions. Lack of fluoride ions or calcium-phosphate reduces efficiency, significantly.

Keywords: Bleaching; remineralization; surface treatments
REFERENCES:
  1. Erten Can S. Dişlerin ağartılması. Alaçam T, editör. Endodonti. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Özyurt Matbaacılık; 2012. p.947-84.
  2. Araujo NC, da Costa Soares MUS, Nery MM, Sales WS, Gerbi MEM. Effect of pH values of two bleaching gels on enamel microhardness. Gen Dent. 2013;61(4):55-8. [PubMed] 
  3. Majeed A, Grobler SR, Moola MH, Oberholzer TG. Effect of four over-the-counter tooth-whitening products on enamel microhardness. SADJ. 2011;66(9):412-5. [PubMed] 
  4. Magalhães JG, Marimoto ARK, Torres CRG, Pagani C, Teixeira SC, Barcellos DC. Microhardness change of enamel due to bleaching with in-office bleaching gels of different acidity. Acta Odontol Scand. 2012;70(2):122-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  5. McCracken MS, Haywood VB. Demineralization effects of 10 percent carbamide peroxide. J Dent. 1996;24(6):395-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  6. Burgmaier GM, Schulze IM, Attin T. Fluoride uptake and development of artificial erosions in bleached and fluoridated enamel in vitro. J Oral Rehabil. 2002;29(9):799-804. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  7. Attin T, Kielbassa AM, Schwanenberg M, Hellwig E. Effect of fluoride treatment on remineralization of bleached enamel. J Oral Rehabil. 1997;24(4):282-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  8. Oltu U, Gürgan S. Effects of three concentrations of carbamide peroxide on structure of enamel. J Oral Rehabil 2000; 27(4): 332-40. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  9. Hosoya N, Honda K, Iino F, Arai T. Changes in enamel surface roughness and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to enamel after vital bleaching. J Dent. 2003;31(8):543-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  10. Zheng CY, Pan J, Wang ZH, Wang Y. [Effects of hydrogen peroxide-containing bleaching on the growth of Streptococcus mutans biofilm on enamel disc surface]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2014;46(1):30-4. [PubMed] 
  11. Bayrak S, Sen Tunc E, Saroglu Sonmez I, Egilmez T, Ozmen B. Effects of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) application on enamel microhardness after bleaching. Am J Dent. 2009;22(6):393-6. [PubMed] 
  12. Ley M, Wagner T, Bizhang M. The effect of different fluoridation methods on the red wine staining potential on intensively bleached enamel in vitro. Am J Dent. 2006;19(2):80-4. [PubMed] 
  13. Yesilyurt C, Sezer U, Ayar MK, Alp CK, Tasdemir T. The effect of a new calcium-based agent, pro-argin, on the microhardness of bleached enamel surface. Aust Dent J. 2013;58(2):207-12. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  14. Abouassi T, Wolkewitz M, Hahn P. Effect of carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide on enamel surface: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig. 2011;15(5):673-80. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Berger SB, Cavalli V, Martin AA, Soares LES, Arruda MAZ, Brancalion ML, et al. Effects of combined use of light irradiation and 35% hydrogen peroxide for dental bleaching on human enamal mineral content. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28(4):533-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Azer SS, Hague AL, Johnston WM. Effect of pH on tooth discoloration from food colorant in vitro. J Dent. 2010;38 Suppl 2:e106-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  17. Liporoni PCS, Souto CMC, Pazinatto RB, Cesar ICR, de Rego MA, Mahtias P, et al. Enamel susceptibility to coffee and red wine staining at different intervals elapsed from bleaching: a photoreflectance spectrophotometry analysis. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28 Suppl 2:S105-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  18. Addy M, Moran J, Newcombe R, Warren P. The comparative tea staining potential of phenolic, chlorhexidine and anti-adhesive mouthrinses. J Clin Periodontol. 1995;22(12):923-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  19. Sheen S, Banfield N, Addy M. The propensity of individual saliva to cause extrinsic staining in vitro--a developmental method. J Dent. 2001;29(2):99-102. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  20. Gürgan S, Bolay S, Alaçam R. In vitro adherence of bacteria to bleached or unbleached enamel surfaces. J Oral Rehabil. 1997;24(8):624-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  21. Giulio AB, Matteo Z, Serena IP, Silvia M, Luigi C. In vitro evaluation of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) effect on stripped enamel surfaces. A SEM investigation. J Dent. 2009;37(3):228-32. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  22. Kumar VLN, Itthagarun A, King NM. The effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on remineralization of artificial caries-like lesions: an in vitro study. Aust Dent J. 2008;53(1):34-40. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  23. Ranjitkar S, Kaidonis JA, Richards LC, Townsend GC. The effect of CPP-ACP on enamel wear under severe erosive conditions. Arch Oral Biol. 2009;54(6):527-32. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  24. Alkhtib A, Manton DJ, Burrow MF, Saber-Samandari S, Palamara JEA, Gross KA, et al. Effects of bleaching agents and Tooth Mousse (?) on human enamel hardness. J Investig Clin Dent. 2013;4(2):94-100. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  25. Ivanoff CS, Hottel TL, Garcia-Godoy F. Microhardness recovery of demineralized enamel after treatment with fluoride gel or CPP-ACP paste applied topically or with dielectrophoresis. Am J Dent. 2012;25(2):109-13. [PubMed] 
  26. Baroni C, Marchionni S, Bazzocchi MG, Cadenaro M, Nucci C, Manton DJ. A SEM and non-contact surface white light profilometry in vivo study of the effect of a crème containing CPP-ACP and fluoride on young etched enamel. Scanning. 2014;36(2):270-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  27. Poggio C, Lombardini M, Vigorelli P, Ceci M. Analysis of dentin/enamel remineralization by a CPP-ACP paste: AFM and SEM study. Scanning. 2013;35(6):366-74. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  28. Srinivasan N, Kavitha M, Loganathan SC. Comparison of the remineralization potential of CPP-ACP and CPP-ACP with 900 ppm fluoride on eroded human enamel: an in situ study. Arch Oral Biol. 2010;55(7):541-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  29. Pukallus ML, Plonka KA, Holcombe TF, Barnett AG, Walsh LJ, Seow WK. A randomized controlled trial of a 10 percent CPP-ACP cream to reduce mutans streptococci colonization. Pediatr Dent. 2013;35(7):550-5. [PubMed] 
  30. Erdem AP, Sepet E, Avshalom T, Gutkin V, Steinberg D. Effect of CPP-ACP and APF on Streptococcus mutans biofilm: a laboratory study. Am J Dent. 2011;24(2):119-23. [PubMed] 
  31. Agrawal N, Pushpanjali K. Feasibility of including APF gel application in a school oral health promotion program as a caries-preventive agent: a community intervention trial. J Oral Sci. 2011;53(2):185-91. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  32. Públio JC, D'Arce MB, Brunharo NM, Ambrosano GM, Aguiar FH, Lovadino JR, et al. Influence of surface treatments on enamel susceptibility to staining by cigarette smoke. J Clin Exp Dent. 2013;5(4):e163-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  33. Singh RD, Ram SM, Shetty O, Chand P, Yadav R. Efficacy of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate to prevent stain absorption on freshly bleached enamel: an in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2010;13(2):76-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  34. Aydın M, Mısırlıgil A. Diş Hekimleri İçin Ağız Mikrobiyolojisi. Ankara: MN Medikal ve Nobel Tıp Kitabevi; 2012. p.61-5.

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com