Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Adölesanlarda Obezite Risk Faktörlerinin ve Yaşam Kalitelerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of Obesity Risk Factors and Quality of Life in Adolescents
Sinem BAYRAMa, Esen YEŞİLa, Hilal ÇALIŞKANa
aBaşkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2020;5(3):421-31
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-74284
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Adölesanlarda, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) büyüme eğrileri kullanılarak obezite sıklığını ve risk faktörlerini belirlemek ayrıca obezitenin yaşam kalitesine etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 10-12 yaş aralığındaki 641 adölesanın (328 kız, 313 erkek) katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle sosyodemografik özelliklerin, beslenme alışkanlıklarının, antropometrik ölçümlerin ve obezite risk faktörlerinin yer aldığı bir anket uygulanmıştır. Beden kitle indeksi değerlendirilirken DSÖ'nün belirlediği z skorları kullanılmıştır. Yaşam kalitesini belirlemek için Kid- KINDL (KINDer Lebensqualitätsfragebogen: Children Quality of Life Questionnaire-Çocuk Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi) ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %20,3'ü hafif şişman (erkeklerin %23,3'ü, kızların %17,4'ü) ve %9,7'si obez (erkeklerin %11,5'i, kızların %7,9'u)dir. Hafif şişman ve obez adölesanların Kid-KINDL puanı (71,6±8,73), normal ve zayıf bireylerden (76,2±7,81) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha düşüktür (p=0,027). Ancak cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık göstermemektedir (erkekler:75,8±8,04; kızlar:76,2±8,16) (p=0,624). Kid- KINDL ölçeğinin bedensel iyilik ve arkadaş alt gruplarında hafif şişman ve obez bireylerin puanı, normal ve zayıf bireylerden istatistiksel larak anlamlı düzeyde daha düşüktür (p=0,032). Duygusal iyilik ve aile alt ölçeği puanları tüm bireylerde anlamlı farklılık göstermezken kızlarda erkeklerden anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,045). Obezite risk faktörleri cinsiyete göre incelendiğinde bilgisayar kullanım süresi (p<0,001), öğün atlama (p<0,001), kahvaltı yapma (p=0,043) ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapma durumları (p=0,048) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Bilgisayar kullanım süresinin 2 saat ve üzeri olması ve öğün atlama erkeklerde kızlardan daha yüksek iken kahvaltı yapmama, enerjinin yetersiz alımı ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmama durumu kızlarda erkeklerden daha yüksektir. Sonuç: Adölesan dönemde, hafif şişmanlık ve obezite önemli bir sorundur ve yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Çocukluk çağı obezitesi risk faktörlerinin iyi belirlenip eylem planlarının hazırlanması, gerekli önlemlerin alınması gelecek nesillerin sağlığı için önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Adölesan; beden kitle indeksi; yaşam kalitesi; obezite, büyüme eğrileri
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity by World Health Organization (WHO) growth references and risk factors in adolescents and to determine the effect of obesity on quality of life. Material and Methods: The participants were 641 adolescents (328 girls, 313 boys) aged between 10- 12 years. A questionnaire which consisted of sociodemographics, nutritional habits, anthropometric measurements and risk factors of obesity was used. Body mass index was determined by the WHO z scores. Kid-KINDL (KINDer Lebensqualitätsfragebogen: Children Quality of Life Questionnaire) scale was used to determine the quality of life. Results: 20.3% of the participants were overweight (boys:23.3%, girls:17.4%) and 9.7% of them were obese (boys :11.5%, girls: 7.9%). Kid-KINDL score of overweight and obese adolescents (71.6±8.73) was significantly lower than normal and underweights (76.2±7.81) (p=0.027). However, there wasn't significant differences by gender (boys: 75.8±8.04, girls: 76.2±8.16) (p=0.624). In the physical well-being and friends sub-dimensions of the Kid- KINDL, the score of overweight and obese individuals was significantly lower (p=0.032) Emotional well-being and family sub-dimensions were found significantly lower in girls than boys (p=0.045). When obesity risk factors were analyzed by gender, a statistically significant difference was found between screen time (p<0.001), skipping meals (p<0.001), breakfast (p=0.043) and regular physical activity (p=0.048). While screen time, skipping meal and regular physical activity were higher in boys, breakfast habit and insufficient energy intake were higher in girls. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity in adolescence are significant health problems and affects the quality of life. Determining childhood obesity risk factors, provide action plan and taking precautions is important for the health of future generations.

Keywords: Adolescent; body mass index; quality of life; obesity; growth charts
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-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

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