Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
65 Yaş ve Üzeri Bireylerin Başarılı Yaşlanmalarını Etkileyen Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışlarının İncelenmesi: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
Investigation of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors That Affect the Successful Aging of Individuals 65 Years of Age and Older: A Descriptive Study
Buket DAŞTANa , Aynur CİNb , Hatice DEMİRAĞb , Sevilay HİNTİSTANc
aBayburt Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Bayburt, Türkiye
bGümüşhane Üniversitesi Kelkit Sema Doğan Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikler Bölümü, Gümüşhane, Türkiye
cKaradeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği AD, Trabzon, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(3):815-26
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-100961
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ile başarılı yaşlanmaları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı türde yapılan bu çalışma Şubat-Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında dahiliye polikliniğine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri 430 hasta ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, ''Hasta Bilgi Formu'', ''Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları (SYBD)-II Ölçeği'' ve ''Başarılı Yaşlanma Ölçeği (BYÖ)'' kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, bağımsız t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi testi ile korelasyon testleri kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 71,01±6,66 olarak tespit edildi. 65 yaş üzeri bireylerin SYBD-II Ölçek puan ortalamaları ile BYÖ puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı düzeyde ilişki olduğu belirlendi (p<0,001). Geliri giderine eşit/fazla olan ve sigara içmeyen bireylerin SYBD Ölçek-II toplam ve alt boyutları puan ortalamaları ile BYÖ toplam ve alt boyutları puan ortalamalarında anlamlı derecede farklılık olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arttıkça başarılı yaşlanmalarının da arttığı bulundu. Dünya genelinde başarılı yaşlanmanın sürdürülebilmesi için bireylere sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazandırılması, destekleyici ortamların oluşturulması, sağlık profesyonellerinin rehberliğinin sağlanması ve daha büyük örneklem gruplarında çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Davranış; sağlıklı yaşam tarzı; yaşlanma; yaşlı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between healthy lifestyle behaviors and successful aging of individuals aged 65 and over. Material and Methods: This descriptive and relationship-seeking study was conducted with 430 patients aged 65 and over who applied to the Internal medicine polyclinic between February and May 2021. The data were collected by face-to-face interview technique using the ''Patient Information Form'', ''Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors (HLB)-II Scale'' and ''Successful Aging Scale (SAS)''. Number, percentage, arithmetic mean, independent t-test, oneway analysis of variance test and correlation tests were used to evaluate the data. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The average age of the participants was determined as 71.01±6.66. It was determined that there was a significant positive relationship between the HLB-II Scale average scores and the SAS score averages of individuals aged 65 and over (p<0.001). It was determined that there was a significant difference in the HLB Scale-II total and sub-dimensions mean scores and the SAS total and sub-dimensions mean scores of individuals whose income was equal to/exceeded their expenses and who were non-smokers (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was found that as the healthy lifestyle behaviors of individuals aged 65 and over increase, their successful aging increases. In order to sustain successful aging worldwide, it is recommended that individuals acquire healthy lifestyle behaviors, create supportive environments, provide guidance from health professionals, and conduct studies on larger sample groups.

Keywords: Behavior; healthy lifestyle; aging; aged
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