Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

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0-12 Yaş Aralığındaki Çocukların Ekran Alışkanlıklarının ve Konu ile İlgili Ebeveyn Tutumunun Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Bir Araştırma
Evaluation of Screen Habits of Children Aged 0-12 and Parental Attitudes on the Subject: A Descriptive Study
Gökçe CELEPa , Fatma Ceren VAROLb , Sude KOBİÇb , Güneş CUNEDİOĞLUb , Umut GÖRMENb , Hakan Kayra KATIRCIOĞLUb , Eman ALDAHENb , Tahir Buğra AÇIKb
aAmasya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları ABD, Amasya, Türkiye
bAmasya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Amasya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2024;33(3):116-24
doi: 10.5336/pediatr.2024-105871
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: İletişim ve bilgi ağı teknolojisindeki gelişmeler çocuklar da içinde olmak üzere tüm bireylerin günlük yaşamında önemli yer ve zaman almaktadır. Ekranla karşılaşma yaşının ve izleme süresinin çocukların gelişimine ve iyilik hâline etkileri dikkat çeken bir konudur. Bu çalışmada, 0-12 yaş grubundaki çocukların ekran alışkanlıklarının araştırılması ve ekran ile ilgili davranış özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı olarak tasarlanmış bu araştırma tıp öğrencileri tarafından sosyal sorumluluk projesi kapsamında 01.01.2023- 30.04.2024 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. İlgili bilimsel yazın taraması yapılarak hazırlanan yapılandırılmış soru formu kullanıldı. Veriler istatistik paket program aracılığıyla değerlendirildi, ayrıntıları metin içinde sunuldu. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 685 ebeveyn katıldı. Katılımcıların yaş ortancası 15 ay idi. Ekran alışkanlıkları incelendiğinde, %73,6'sının (n=504) 2 yaşından önce ekranla karşılaştığı ve %63,5'inin (n=435) günlük izleme süresinin 120 dk'nın üzerinde olduğu görüldü. Ebeveynlerin ekran maruziyetlerinin de yoğun olduğu saptandı. Gelişim basamaklarında belirgin fark belirlenmemekle birlikte obezite, kas-eklem ağrıları, gözlük kullanımı gibi değişkenlerin uzun süre ekran teması olanlarda daha sık olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada zaman içinde çocukların ekranla tanışma yaşının erkene kaydığı, izleme sıklığının ve süresinin giderek arttığı belirlendi. Aileler ekranı gelişim ve eğitim aracı gibi görmektedir ve bu durum yaygınlaşmaktadır. Teknolojik olanakların ve erişilebilirliklerinin artması nedeniyle çocuklarla ilgili olan tüm meslek gruplarının bu dinamik süreçte ailelere danışmanlık konusunda yetkin hâle gelmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi; televizyon; akıllı telefon
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Developments in communication and information network technologies have an important place and time in the daily lives of all individuals, including children. Exposure to screen at an early age and viewing duration are significant issues in children's development and wellbeing. This study aims to gain insight about the screen habits of 0-12 year old children and to determine their screen-related health and behavioral features. Material and Methods: This research, designed as a cross-sectional and descriptive, was carried out between 01.01.2023 and 30.04.2024 within the scope of the social responsibility project carried out by medical students. A structured questionnaire was prepared by conducting a literature review. The data were analyzed through a statistical package program, and the details were presented in the text. Results: A total of 685 parents participated in the study. The study group consisted of children with a median age of 15 months. When looking at the screen habits of the children, it was seen that 73.6% (n=504) of the participants' first exposure to screens was before the age of 2 and 63.5% (n=435) had a daily viewing time more than 120 minutes. It was also found that parents' exposure to screens was intense. Although there was no significant difference in developmental stages, variables such as obesity, body aches, and use of glasses were seen to be more common in those who were in long screen viewing groups. Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that the age of children's early exposure to screens and the length of viewing time gradually increased over time. It is noteworthy that variables such as families' perception of the screen as a developmental and educational tool have improved over time. The increase in technological opportunities and accessibility reveals that all professional groups related to children need to renew themselves in counseling families in this dynamic process.

Keywords: Parent-child relationships; television; smartphone
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