Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Exploring the Eye Mindreading and Communication Skill Levels of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Correlation Study
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocukların Ebeveynlerinin Gözlerden Zihin Okuma ve İletişim Beceri Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi: Bir Ön Korelasyon Çalışması
Elif Bilge ERTAŞa , Esra DEMİRCİb , Sevgi ÖZMENb
aDepartment of Audiometry, Erciyes University Halil Bayraktar Vocational School of Health Services, Kayseri, Türkiye
bDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(1):165-73
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-98331
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to investigate the levels of emotion recognition and communication skills in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and assess the relation of ASD severity with emotion recognition and communication skills of parents. Material and Methods: Thirty parents of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder who applied to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic at Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine participated in the study. All the parents received the Communication Skills Inventory and Reading Mind in the Eyes Test. The severity of ASD was assessed with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). This study employed a correlational survey approach. Results: When the mindreading abilities through the eyes were compared between parents of children with autism and parents of typically developing children, a significant difference was observed among mothers' mind-reading abilities (p=0.031), while there was no significant difference among fathers' mind-reading abilities (p=0.257). When comparing the communication skills of parents, a significant difference was found among mothers in terms of emotional communication skills (p=0.006). Upon examining fathers, a meaningful difference was observed between fathers' emotional communication skills and behavioral communication skills (p=0.011, p=0.004).While a significant difference was identified between the severity of autism in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and fathers' emotion recognition levels, no significant difference was found in emotion recognition levels among mothers in relation to the severity of autism (p=0.023, p=0.200). Conclusion: The possible effects of parents communication skills on the severity of ASD should be investigated in further studies. In conclusion, a training program for improving social skills could be useful for families, especially for fathers, who have children with ASD.

Keywords: Autism; reading mind in the eyes; communication skills; child; parent
ÖZET
 Amaç: Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) tanısı alan ve takip edilen çocuğa sahip ebeveynler ile sağlıklı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin duygu tanıma ve iletişim beceri düzeyleri arasında farklılık olup olmadığının değerlendirilmesi, bununla birlikte otizm şiddeti ile ebeveynlerin duygu tanıma ve iletişim becerilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatri Polikliniğine başvuran, OSB tanısı alan ve takipli olan çocukların anne babalarından oluşan 30 ebeveyn katılmıştır. Kontrol grubu olarak sağlıklı çocuğa sahip olan 30 ebeveyn alınmıştır. Ebeveynlere İletişim Becerileri Envanteri ve Gözlerden Zihin Okuma testi uygulanmıştır. Otizm şiddeti Çocukluk Otizmi Derecelendirme Ölçeği (ÇODÖ) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Otizmli ve sağlıklı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin gözlerden zihin okuma becerileri karşılaştırıldığında; annelerinin gözlerden zihin okuma becerileri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunurken (p=0.031); babaların gözlerden zihin okuma becerileri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p=0.257). Ebeveynlerin iletişim becerileri karşılaştırıldığında; annelerin duygusal iletişim becerileri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p=0.006). Babalar incelendiğinde; babaların duygusal iletişim becerileri ve davranışsal iletişim becerileri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p=0.011, p=0.004). OSB tanısı alan ve takip edilen çocukların otizm şiddeti ile babaların duygu tanıma düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık saptanırken; otizm şiddeti ile annelerin duygu tanıma düzeyleri arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p=0.023, p=0.200). Sonuç: Ebeveynlerin iletişim becerilerinin OSB şiddeti üzerindeki etkileri daha fazla çalışmada araştırılmalıdır. Sonuç olarak, OSB'li çocuğu olan aileler ve özellikle babalar için sosyal becerileri geliştirmeye yönelik bir eğitim programı yararlı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Otizm; gözlerden zihin okuma; iletişim becerileri; çocuk; ebeveyn
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