Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Ekstravazasyona Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyinin Belirlenmesi:Bir Üniversite Hastanesi Örneği
Determination of the Knowledge Level of Nurses Working in Intensive Care Unit for Extravasation: An Example of a University Hospital
Fatma TOK YILDIZa, Onur AVCIb
aSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikler Bölümü, Anestezi Programı, Sivas, TÜRKİYE
bSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon ABD, Sivas, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(3):378-84
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-72437
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) çalışan hemşirelerin ekstravazasyona yönelik bilgi düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı olarak yapılan bu çalışma, 10 Eylül 2019-17 Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin YBÜ'lerinde çalışan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 93 hemşireyle yapıldı. Araştırma öncesinde etik kurul izni, kurum izni ve araştırmaya katılan katılımcılardan onam alındı. Veriler, Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu ve Ekstravazasyon Bilgi Düzeyi Formu ile toplandı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi SPSS 22.0 programında tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular: YBÜ'de çalışan hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 28,49±5,4, %69,9'u kadın ve %66,7'si lisans mezunudur. Hemşirelerin %41,9'unun yoğun bakım ünitesinde 1-5 yıl arasında, %93,5'inin servis hemşiresi pozisyonunda ve %72'sinin gece-gündüz vardiyası şeklinde çalıştığı belirlendi. YBÜ'de çalışan hemşirelerin, meslekte çalıştıkları süre içerisinde %76,3'ünün ekstravazasyonla karşılaştığı ve %58,1'inin ekstravazasyona yönelik hizmet içi eğitim almadığı tespit edildi. YBÜ'de çalışan hemşirelerin Ekstravazasyon Bilgi Düzeyi Formu'nda yer alan soruları doğru yanıtlama yüzde ortalaması %80,41'dir. Doğru yanıt yüzdesi en düşük olan maddeler, 'mental durumda yetersizlik ekstravazasyona neden olabilecek bir faktördür' (%44,1) ve 'cilt rengi ekstravazasyona neden olabilecek bir faktördür' (%48,4) olarak saptandı. Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda YBÜ'de çalışan hemşirelerin, intravenöz tedavinin istenmeyen komplikasyonlarından ekstravazasyona yönelik bilgi düzeyinin iyi olduğu söylenebilir. Aynı zamanda bu çalışma sonuçlarının multidisipliner yaklaşımla ekstravazasyona yönelik daha geniş kapsamlı araştırmaların yapılmasına, başta hemşireler ve hekimler olmak üzere tüm sağlık profesyonellerinde ekstravazasyon gelişimini önlemeye yönelik farkındalık kazandırmaya, ekstravazasyon izlem ve yönetimine ilişkin hizmet içi eğitimlerin artırılmasına katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yoğun bakım ünitesi; hemşire; ekstravazasyon; bilgi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was planned to determine the level of knowledge of nurses working intensive care unit (ICU) about extravasation. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 93 nurses working in a university ICU between 10 September 2019-17 November 2019. Before the study, ethics board approval, institutional permission and consent from the participants were obtained. The data were collected by the Descriptive Characteristics Form and the Extravasation Information Level Form, which were formed by the researcher in accordance with the literature. Statistical analysis of the data was done by using descriptive statistics in SPSS 22.0 program. Results: The mean age of the nurses working ICU was 28.49±5.4, 69.9% were women and 66.7% were undergraduate. It was determined that 41.9% of the nurses worked in the ICU between 1-5 years, 93.5% worked as a service nurse and 72% worked as day and night shifts. It was determined that 76.3% of nurses working in ICU experienced extravasation and 58.1% did not receive inservice training for extravasation. The average percentage of correct answers to the questions in the Extravasation Information Level Form of the nurses working ICU was 80.4%. Items with the lowest percentage of correct answers: 44.1% 'Inadequate mental status is a factor that may cause extravasation' and 48.4% 'Skin color is a factor that can cause extravasation'. Conclusion: According to the findings, it was determined that the nurses working ICU have good knowledge about extravasation from undesirable complications of intravenous treatment. At the same time, it is thought that the results of this study can contribute to the conduct of wider researches on extravasation with a multidisciplinary approach, to raise awareness about prevention of extravasation development in all health professionals, especially nurses and physicians, and to increase in-service training on extravasation.

Keywords: Intensive care unit; nurse; extravasation; knowledge
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