Objective: Advances in modern medicine have improved the detection of synchronous and metachronous cancers. Among male genitourinary malignancies, prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) and bladder cancers can rarely coexist. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included male patients diagnosed with PCa and bladder cancers between 2012 and 2019 at Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University. Patients with synchronous or metachronous cancers and complete clinical data were included, while those with direct tumor infiltration or missing records were excluded. Results: Among 1,173 PCa and 591 bladder cancer cases, 15 synchronous or metachronous cases were identified. The median ages at the time of diagnosis for PCa and bladder cancer patients were 69 and 70 years, respectively. Bladder cancer was diagnosed in 7 patients during PCa follow-up, while PCa was detected in 2 patients during bladder cancer follow-up. Synchronous cancers occurred in 6 patients. All bladder cancers were highgrade or advanced stage, while PCa cases included all pathological groups except for International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Grade 4. A significant association was found between the age at bladder cancer diagnosis and the PCa risk group (p=0.046). Patients had a median smoking history of 40 pack-years, with only one non-smoker. Metachronous PCa developed within 2 years of bladder cancer, while metachronous bladder tumors appeared 1-7 years after PCa, with a median of 6 years. Conclusion: The coexistence of prostate adenocarcinoma and bladder cancers in our cohort highlights the need for vigilant screening for secondary malignancies in affected patients. These findings suggest a potential link between high-grade bladder tumors and prostate cancer risk, warranting further research into shared carcinogenic pathways.
Keywords: Bladder cancer; metachronous neoplasms; prostate cancer; synchronous neoplasms; urogenital cancers
Amaç: Modern tıptaki ilerlemeler, senkron ve metakron kanserlerin daha fazla tespit edilmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Erkek ürogenital sisteminin en yaygın maligniteleri arasında prostat adenokarsinomu (PKA) ve mesane kanserleri yer alır. Bu maligniteler nadir olmakla birlikte, senkron veya metakron şekilde birlikte var olabilirler. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma, 2012-2019 yılları arasında Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi'nde PKA ve mesane kanseri tanısı almış erkek hastaları içermektedir. Senkron veya metakron kanserleri ve tam klinik verileri olan hastalar dâhil edilmiştir, doğrudan tümör infiltrasyonu veya eksik kaydı bulunan hastalar hariç tutulmuştur. Bulgular: 1.173 PKA ve 591 mesane kanseri vakası arasında, 15 senkron veya metakron vaka tespit edilmiştir. PKA ve mesane kanseri hastalarının tanı anında ortanca yaşları sırasıyla 69 ve 70 yıldır. Mesane kanseri, PKA takibi sırasında 7 hastada teşhis edilmişken; mesane kanseri takibi sırasında ise 2 hastada PKA tespit edilmiştir. 6 hastada senkron PKA ve mesane kanseri gözlemlenmiştir. Mesane tümörlerinin tamamı yüksek dereceli veya ileri evreydi, PKA vakaları ise Uluslararası Ürolojik Patoloji Derneği [International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)] Grade 4 hariç tüm patolojik grupları kapsıyordu. Mesane tümörü tanısı yaşı ile senkron/metakron PKA risk grubu arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p=0,046). Hastaların ortalama sigara içme geçmişi 40 paketyıldır, sadece bir hasta sigara içmediğini belirtmiştir. Metakron PKA, mesane kanserinden sonraki ilk 2 yıl içinde tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşılık, PKA sonrası metakron mesane kanserleri 1-7 yıl içinde, ortalama 6 yıl sonra tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Kohortumuzda prostat adenokarsinomu ve mesane kanserlerinin birlikte görülmesi, etkilenen hastalarda ikincil maligniteler için dikkatli taramanın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bulgular, yüksek dereceli mesane tümörleri ile prostat kanseri riski arasında potansiyel bir bağlantıyı işaret etmekte olup, ortak kanserojen yolların araştırılmasını gerektirmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Mesane kanseri; metakron neoplazmlar; prostat kanseri; senkron neoplazmlar; ürogenital kanserl
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