Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Maluliyet Olgularında İyileşme İçin Beklenen Sürenin Maluliyet Oranına Etkisi: Retrospektif Bir Çalışma
The Effect of Waiting Time for Recovery on Disability Rate in Disability Cases: A Retrospective Study
Emrah EMİRALa , Emine Gül TAŞb , Elif Asena ÖZÇELİKc , Gürol CANTÜRKa
aAnkara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp AD, Ankara, Türkiye
bMarmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp AD, İstanbul, Türkiye
cBayburt Adli Tıp Şube Müdürlüğü, Bayburt, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med.
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2024-104623
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Adli olaylar sonucunda oluşan kayıplar nedeniyle bireyler tazminat talebinde bulunmaktadır. Tazminat hesaplamalarında maluliyet oranlarının belirlenmesinde önemli bir husus, kişinin kısıtlılığının kalıcı hâle gelmesidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, maluliyet hesaplanması için başvuran olguların iyileşmesi için beklenen muayene süresinin maluliyet oranı üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2017-2021 yılları arasında ana bilim dalımıza maluliyet hesabı talebiyle başvuran, ilk muayenede iyileşme sürecinin tamamlanmadığı belirlenen ve bu nedenle ikinci bir muayeneye çağrılan ya da son durum muayenesi istenen 115 maluliyet dosyası retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. İlk ve son muayenelerde belirlenen maluliyet oranları karşılaştırılmış ve iki oran arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunun yaş ortalaması 38 yıl olup, %70,4'ü erkek, %29,6'sı kadındı. En sık yaralanma türü araç içi trafik kazası olup, en fazla yaralanan kemik tibia idi. En sık eşlik eden patolojiler periferik sinir yaralanması (%48,7), tendon yaralanması (%10,3) ve posttravmatik stres bozukluğu (%6,4) olarak saptandı. Son muayenede belirlenen maluliyet oranı (ortalama %16,6) ilk muayeneye göre (ortalama %19,7) daha düşük bulundu (p=0,000). İlk muayene süresi ortalama 13,1 ay, son muayene süresi ise 22,7 ay olarak saptandı. Son muayeneye kadar geçen süre arttıkça maluliyet oranının azaldığı görüldü (r=0,291; p=0,002). Sonuç: Maluliyet raporları tazminat miktarının belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynar. Hak kayıplarının önlenmesi ve adaletin sağlanması için iyileşmenin tamamlanıp tamamlanmadığının tespiti kritiktir. Maluliyet oranı hesabı için beklenmesi gereken sürenin olgu özelliklerine ve yaralanma niteliğine bağlı olarak değişmekle birlikte en az 1 yıllık süre beklenmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Adli tıp muayenelerinde olguların öyküsünün ve tıbbi evrakının titizlikle incelenmesi ve klinik branşlarla konsültasyon yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Maluliyet; muayene süresi; travma
ABSTRACT
Objective: Individuals seek compensation for losses from judicial incidents. An important aspect of determining disability rates in compensation calculations is the permanence of the individual's limitation. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the expected examination duration for recovery on the disability rate in cases applying for disability calculation. Material and Methods: Between 2017 and 2021, 115 disability files were retrospectively examined. These files involved cases where the recovery process was incomplete at the first examination, necessitating a second examination or a final status examination. Disability rates from the first and final examinations were compared to determine any statistically significant differences. Results: The average age of the study group was 38 years, with 70.4% male and 29.6% female. The most common injury was from traffic accidents, primarily affecting the tibia. Common accompanying pathologies included peripheral nerve injury (48.7%), tendon injury (10.3%), and post-traumatic stress disorder (6.4%). The final examination showed a lower disability rate (average 16.6%) compared to the first examination (average 19.7%) (p=0.000). The average duration for the first examination was 13.1 months, and 22.7 months for the final examination. Longer durations until the final examination were associated with lower disability rates (r=0.291; p=0.002). Conclusion: Disability reports are crucial for determining compensation amounts. Establishing whether recovery is complete is essential to prevent rights loss and ensure justice. Although the waiting period required for the calculation of the disability rate varies depending on the characteristics of the case and the nature of the injury, it has been concluded that a minimum period of 1 year should be awaited. Forensic examinations should thoroughly review case histories and medical records and include clinical consultations.

Keywords: Disability; examination time; trauma

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