Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Hastaların Hemşireliğe ve Hemşirelik Bakımına İlişkin Algılarının Değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of Patients' Perceptions of Nursing and Nursing Care
Nevin DOĞANa, Neslihan İSTEKb, Zehra GÖÇMEN BAYKARAa
aGazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bTokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Pazar Meslek Yüksekokulu, Sağlık Bakım Hizmetleri Bölümü, Tokat, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2021;29(2):149-57
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-77031
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Araştırma, hastaların hemşireliğe ve hemşirelik bakımına ilişkin algılarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kesitsel-tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma, Kasım 2018-Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesi ve bir üniversite hastanesinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini; 18 yaş ve üzeri, iletişim problemi olmayan, acil, psikiyatri, yoğun bakım ve pediatri servisleri dışındaki kliniklerde yatış yapan 496 hasta oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında; hasta tanıtım formu, hemşirelik imajı ölçeği ve bakım davranışları ölçeği-30 kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; sayısal değişkenler bakımından iki grubun karşılaştırılmasında Mann-Whitney U, üç grubun karşılaştırılmasında Kruskal- Wallis varyans analizi; sayısal değişkenler arasındaki değişimi incelemek için ise Sperman korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, yaş ortalaması 51,86±18,13 olan hastaların %51,2'si kadın, %77,2'si evli, %39,1'i ilkokul mezunudur. Hastaların %72,6'sının daha önceden hastanede yattığı ve %27,2'sinin bir aydan daha uzun süre hastanede kaldığı belirlenmiştir. Hastaların hemşirelik imajı ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 68,19±6,16, bakım davranışları ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması ise 156,50±20,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelik imajı ölçeği ve bakım davranışları ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde yüksek düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,001). Hastaların, hemşireliği ve bakımı algılamaları üzerinde etkisi olan faktörler; yaş, eğitim durumu, hastanede yatış deneyimi, kronik hastalık durumu, refakatçisinin olup olmaması ve ailesinde bir sağlık personelinin olup olmaması olarak belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, hastaların hemşirelik algılarının bakım algılarını bakım algılarının da hemşirelik algılarını etkilediği saptanmıştır. Hemşirelik bakımının, hastanın gereksinimleri doğrultusunda doğru ve tam olarak yapılmasının hemşireliğin, profesyonel anlamda gelişmesine ve toplumda hemşirelik mesleğine yönelik algının pozitif yönde değişmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; bakım; imaj
ABSTRACT
 This study was conducted to determine patients' perceptions of nursing and nursing care. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a public hospital and a university hospital between November 2018 and March 2019. The sample of the study consisted of 496 patients who were aged 18 and over, had no communication problem, and were hospitalized in the clinics other than emergency, psychiatry, intensive care, and pediatric departments. A patient information form, the nursing image scale, and caring behaviors scale- 30 were used to collect the data. Mann-Whitney U test to compare the two groups in terms of numerical variables, Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance to compare the three groups, and Spearman's correlation analysis to examine any change between the numerical variables were used in the data analysis. In the study, the average age of the patients was 51.86±18.13; 51.2% of the patients were female, 77.2% were married, and 39.1% had primary school education. It was determined that 72.6% of the patients were previously hospitalized, and 27.2% of the patients stayed in the hospital for over a month. The patients' Nursing Image Scale total mean scores were 68.19±6.16 and their Care Behaviors Inventory total mean score were 156.50±20.05. There was a statistically positive high correlation between the Nursing Image Scale and Care Behaviors Inventory total mean scores (p<0.001). Factors affecting patients' perception of nursing and care included their age, education level, hospitalization experience, chronic disease status, the presence of a companion, and the presence of a healthcare professional in the family (p<0.05). In conclusion, it was found that patients' nursing perceptions affected their care perceptions and in turn their care perceptions affected their nursing perceptions. It is thought that correct and complete nursing care provided in line with the patient's needs would contribute not only to the Professional development of nursing but also changing positively society's perception toward the nursing profession.

Keywords: Nursing; caring; image
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