Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Topographic Corneal Changes in Patients with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Vernal Keratokonjonktivit Tanılı Hastalarda Korneal Topografik Değişimler
Dilbade Yıldız EKİNCİa, Nilüfer ALPARSLANb, Zafer CEBECİc, Leyla YAVUZ SARIÇAYd, Raziye DÖNMEZ GÜNe
aDepartment of Ophthalmology, Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, TURKEY
bPrivate Physician,
cDepartment of Ophthalmology, İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine,
dClinic of Eye Diseases, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital,
eClinic of Ophthalmology, Kartal Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2019;28(2):99-104
doi: 10.5336/ophthal.2018-63355
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the topographic corneal changes in patients with Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, to a control group. Material and Methods: 41 patients (81 eyes) with active vernal keratoconjunctivitis and 41 control subjects (82 eyes) were included in this prospective study. The Corneal topography of subjects were examined with Pentacam (Oculus HR inc., Germany). Results: The eyes with vernal keratoconjunctivitis was palpebral in 32 eyes (39.5%), limbal in 24 eyes (29.6%), and mixed in 25 eyes (30.9%). There were no statistically significant differences between groups in K1, K2, Kaverage. On the other hand, the mean Kmaximum value was much higher in the patient group than the control group. There were statistically significant differences between the groups for the mean astigmatism, thickness at the thinnest location, thickness at the apex of the cornea, the difference in the thickness between the apex and the thinnest location, the mean anterior and posterior elevation peak and keratoconus index. According to our parameters, 7 of the 41 subjects (17.07%) were detected as keratoconus and 9 of the 41 subjects (21.95%) were detected as subclinic keratoconus in vernal keratoconjunctivitis group. The correlation between age and keratoconus parameters was not statistically significant in the group with keratoconus. In patients with subclinical keratoconus, the elevation of Kmaximum values was statistically significant as their ages progressed. There was no correlation between a set of factors that are the age, the gender, duration of the symptoms and types of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in patient group and development of keratoconus and subclinic keratoconus. Conclusion: In our study, in comparison to the control group, more topographic changes in favor of keratoconus and subclinical keratoconus were detected in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis. In patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis, analysis of corneal topography is important for early diagnosis of keratoconus.

Keywords: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis; topography; keratoconus
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada, kliniğimizdeki vernal keratokonjonktivit tanılı hastaların korneal topografik değişimlerinin kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu prospektif çalışmaya; vernal keratokonjonktivit tanılı 41 hastanın 81 gözü ile 41 kontrol hastasının 82 gözü alındı. Korneal topografi, Pentacam (Oculus HR inc., Almanya) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Vernal keratokonjonktivit tanısı konan özlerin 32?si (%3,5) palpebral, 24'ü (%29,6) limbal, 25'i (%30,9) karışık tipteydi. Gruplar arasında K1, K2, Kortalama değerleri açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Diğer taraftan, Ken yüksek ortalaması ise hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksekti. Astigmat değeri ortalaması, kornea en ince noktası ile kornea apeksinin pakimetri değeri, kornea apeksi ile en ince noktası arasındaki pakimetri farkı, kornea ön ve arka yüzeyi elevasyon ortalaması ile keratokonus indeksi arasında gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı saptandı. Belirlenen kriterlere göre vernal keratokonjonktivit grubundaki 41 hastanın 7 tanesinde (%17,07) keratokonus, 9 tanesinde (%21,95) ise subklinik keratokonus saptandı. Keratokonus tanısı alan grupta, yaş ile keratokonus parametrelerinin korelasyonu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Subklinik keratokonus tanılı hastalarda, yaşları ilerledikçe Ken yüksek değerindeki artış istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı. Hasta grubunda yaş, cinsiyet, semptom süresi, vernal keratokonjonktivit tipi gibi faktörler ile keratokonus ve subklinik keratokonus gelişimi arasında korelasyon yoktu. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, hasta grubunda, kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha fazla oranda keratokonus ve subklinik keratokonus lehine topografik değişimler görülmüştür. Bu nedenle vernal keratokonjonktivit tanılı hastaların takiplerinde keratokonusun erken teşhisi için topografik tetkiklerin analizi yararlı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Vernal keratokonjonktivit; topografi; keratokonus
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